Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 75, Shloka 45

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

यदग्निदायके पापं यत्पापं गुरतल्पगे।मित्रद्रोहे च यत्पापं तत्पापं प्रतिपद्यताम्।।।।

Transliteration

yad agnidāyake pāpaṃ yat pāpaṃ guru-talpage | mitra-drohe ca yat pāpaṃ tat pāpaṃ pratipadyatām ||

Translation

ଅଗ୍ନିଦାହ କରୁଥିବା ଲୋକର ଯେ ପାପ, ଗୁରୁଶୟନ ଭଙ୍ଗ କରୁଥିବା ଲୋକର ଯେ ପାପ, ଏବଂ ମିତ୍ରଦ୍ରୋହର ଯେ ପାପ—ସେଇ ପାପ ହିଁ ମୋ ଆର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଭାଇଙ୍କ ବନବାସକୁ ଅନୁମତି ଦେଇଥିବା ଲୋକ ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ କରୁ।

Word by Word

• yat: whatever
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); correlates with tat

• agnidāyake: in the arsonist
• agnidāyake: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agni (प्रातिपदिक) + dāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: 'in/for the fire-setter (arsonist)'

• pāpam: sin
• pāpam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• yat: whatever
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• pāpam: sin
• pāpam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• guru-talpage: in one who violates the preceptor's bed
• guru-talpage: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + talpa (प्रातिपदिक) + ga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: 'in the violator of the teacher's bed'

• mitra-drohe: in betrayal of a friend
• mitra-drohe: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mitra (प्रातिपदिक) + droha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); tatpuruṣa: 'in betrayal of a friend'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चयः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)

• yat: whatever
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• pāpam: sin
• pāpam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• tat: that
• tat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• pāpam: sin
• pāpam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• pratipadyatām: let (him) incur/receive
• pratipadyatām: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati+pad (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपदम); 'let him incur/attain'

Context

May that one who counselled the exile of my esteemed brother acquire the sin in the same way as a person who sets fire to human settlements, violates the preceptors's bed and betrays his friend!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata (speaker, implied)
• Rama (implied as ‘āryaḥ’ in surrounding refrain)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse equates enabling grave injustice with paradigmatic ‘great sins,’ stressing that betrayal of trust and duty is ethically catastrophic.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s lament peaks into a formalized curse by comparing the wrongdoing to notorious transgressions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loyalty (mitratva) and fidelity to rightful order—Bharata treats betrayal as a fundamental rupture of dharma.