Shloka 113

Brahmin Right Conduct: Morning Remembrance, Bathing, Purification, and Tarpaṇa Method

Devanagari script

पारावारगतोद्विग्नं वहंतं नाभिवादयेत् । यज्ञस्यांतर्गतं नष्टं क्रीडंतं स्त्रीजनैः सह

Transliteration

pārāvāragatodvignaṃ vahaṃtaṃ nābhivādayet | yajñasyāṃtargataṃ naṣṭaṃ krīḍaṃtaṃ strījanaiḥ saha

Translation

ପାର ହେବାବେଳେ ଯେ ଉଦ୍ବିଗ୍ନ, ଏବଂ ଯେ ଭାର ବହନ କରୁଛି—ତାଙ୍କୁ ନମସ୍କାର କରିବା ଉଚିତ୍ ନୁହେଁ। ଯଜ୍ଞ ପରିସର ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଯେ ନିଖୋଜ ହୋଇଯାଇଛି, ଏବଂ ଯେ ସ୍ତ୍ରୀମାନଙ୍କ ସହ କ୍ରୀଡ଼ା କରୁଛି—ତାଙ୍କୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ନମସ୍କାର କରିବା ଉଚିତ୍ ନୁହେଁ।

Word by Word

• पारावारगत: gone to the far shore / across the sea
• पारावारगत: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पार-अवार-गत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषण (acc. sg. neut.)

• उद्विग्नम्: agitated, distressed
• उद्विग्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्विग्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• वहन्तम्: carrying, bearing
• वहन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयुक्तं (acc. sg. used as object)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• अभिवादयेत्: should greet/salute
• अभिवादयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-वाद् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; विधिनिषेधः (should not)

• यज्ञस्य: of the sacrifice
• यज्ञस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• अन्तर्गत: entered into/inside
• अन्तर्गत: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तर्-गत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• नष्टम्: lost, disappeared
• नष्टम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• क्रीडन्तम्: playing
• क्रीडन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रीड् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• स्त्रीजनैः: with womenfolk
• स्त्रीजनैः: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्रीजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/सह), बहुवचन; सहार्थे (with)

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक-अव्यय (preposition/adverb: with)

Speaker

Unspecified (contextual narrator within the Adhyaya; exact dialogue speaker not provided in the input)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: temple

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: पारावारगतोद्विग्नम् = पारावारगत + उद्विग्नम्; यज्ञस्यांतर्गतं = यज्ञस्य + अन्तर्गतं; वहंतं/क्रीडंतं = वहन्तम्/क्रीडन्तम् (अनुस्वार-लोप/लिप्यन्तरभेद).

FAQs

What is the practical rule taught in this verse?

It lists situations where formal salutations are discouraged—when someone is in danger or distress (such as crossing), carrying a load, missing/engaged within a sacrifice context, or involved in private recreation—implying that etiquette should not obstruct safety, duty, or propriety.

Why would greeting be discouraged when someone is carrying a burden or in peril?

Because the priority is the person’s immediate task and safety; interrupting them for formalities can be impractical or harmful, so dharma here emphasizes appropriateness over ritual courtesy.

What ethical lesson does the verse convey about social conduct?

It teaches discernment (aucitya): respect is not only about performing gestures, but about knowing when restraint and non-interference better honor the situation and the person.