Shloka 40

Kroṣṭu–Yādava Lineages, the Syamantaka Jewel, Krishna’s Birth Context, and the Māyāmoha Account

Devanagari script

अथसानवमेमासिसुषुवेसरितांवरा । पुत्रं सर्वगुणोपेतं बभ्रुं देवावृधात्परम्

Transliteration

athasānavamemāsisuṣuvesaritāṃvarā | putraṃ sarvaguṇopetaṃ babhruṃ devāvṛdhātparam

Translation

ତାପରେ ନବମ ମାସରେ ନଦୀମାନଙ୍କ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠା ସରିତା ସର୍ବଗୁଣସମ୍ପନ୍ନ ପୁତ୍ର—ବଭ୍ରୁ—କୁ ପ୍ରସବ କଲା; ସେ ଦେବାବୃଧଠାରୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ଥିଲା।

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (Discourse connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रमसूचक (then)

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; nominative singular (she)

• नवमे: in the ninth
• नवमे: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नवम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative singular (in the ninth)

• मासि: month
• मासि: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative singular (in the month)

• सुषुवे: gave birth
• सुषुवे: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सू (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (परिपूर्णभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 3rd person singular perfect (gave birth)

• सरिताम्: of rivers
• सरिताम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरित् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; genitive plural (of rivers)

• वरा: the best, excellent
• वरा: Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; nominative singular (best/excellent)

• पुत्रम्: a son
• पुत्रम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular

• सर्वगुणोपेतम्: endowed with all virtues
• सर्वगुणोपेतम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व + गुण + उपेत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: सर्व (समस्त) + गुण (गुणाः) + उपेत (युक्त); पुँलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (qualifying पुत्रम्)

• बभ्रुम्: Babhru (name)
• बभ्रुम्: Karma (Apposition to object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बभ्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (proper name)

• देवावृधात्: than Devāvṛdha
• देवावृधात्: Apadana (Standard of comparison/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवावृध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ablative singular (than Devāvṛdha/from Devāvṛdha)

• परम्: superior, greater
• परम्: Karma (Object complement/कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular (as comparative predicate with पुत्रम्)

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic narration; specific speaker not identifiable from the single verse alone)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: river

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: athasānavamemāsi... is resolved as अथ सा नवमे मासि सुषुवे सरिताम् वरा. देवāvṛdhātparam = देवावृधात् परम्.

Characters & Entities

• Babhru
• Devāvṛdha

FAQs

Who is described as giving birth in this verse, and what is emphasized?

The verse says “the best among rivers” gave birth in the ninth month, and emphasizes the child’s excellence—Babhru is said to be endowed with all virtues.

What is the significance of comparing Babhru to Devāvṛdha?

The comparison functions as a genealogical and moral marker: Babhru is portrayed as surpassing an already notable figure (Devāvṛdha), highlighting inherited prestige and superior virtues.

Does this verse teach an ethical or devotional lesson directly?

Directly, it is primarily genealogical; ethically, it upholds the Purāṇic ideal that true greatness is measured by “sarva-guṇa” (complete virtues), not merely by birth or status.