Shloka 10

Determination of Expiations for Sexual Transgressions and Improper Associations

Devanagari script

चांद्रायणत्रयं ब्रह्मन्पंचगोमिथुनानि च । विप्रेभ्यो दक्षिणां दद्याच्छुध्यते नात्र संशयः

Transliteration

cāṃdrāyaṇatrayaṃ brahmanpaṃcagomithunāni ca | viprebhyo dakṣiṇāṃ dadyācchudhyate nātra saṃśayaḥ

Translation

ହେ ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣ! ତିନିଟି ଚାନ୍ଦ୍ରାୟଣ ବ୍ରତ ଆଚରି, ପଣ୍ଡିତ ବିପ୍ରମାନଙ୍କୁ ଦକ୍ଷିଣାରୂପେ ପାଞ୍ଚ ଯୋଡ଼ା ଗାଈ ଦାନ କଲେ, ନିଶ୍ଚୟ ଶୁଦ୍ଧ ହୁଏ—ଏଥିରେ ସନ୍ଦେହ ନାହିଁ।

Word by Word

• चांद्रायणत्रयम्: three Cāndrāyaṇa penances
• चांद्रायणत्रयम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चांद्रायण (प्रातिपदिक) + त्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थः ‘त्रयं चांद्रायणम्’

• ब्रह्मन्: O Brahmin (sir)
• ब्रह्मन्: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पंचगोमिथुनानि: five pairs of cows
• पंचगोमिथुनानि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + गो (प्रातिपदिक) + मिथुन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘पञ्च गो-मिथुनानि’ (five pairs of cows)

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• विप्रेभ्यः: to Brahmins
• विप्रेभ्यः: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (4th/Dative), बहुवचन

• दक्षिणाम्: a fee/donation
• दक्षिणाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• दद्याच्: should give
• दद्याच्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• शुध्यते: is purified
• शुध्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• न: not
• न: Negation (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)

• अत्र: here/in this matter
• अत्र: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)

• संशयः: doubt
• संशयः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Unspecified (narrator/teacher addressing a brahmin; vocative 'brahman' indicates the addressee)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: ब्रह्मन्पंचगोमिथुनानि = ब्रह्मन् + पञ्चगोमिथुनानि; दद्याच्छुध्यते = दद्याच् + शुध्यते; नात्र = न + अत्र.

Characters & Entities

• Brāhmaṇas (vipra)
• Cāndrāyaṇa (vow/penance)
• Dakṣiṇā (ritual gift)

FAQs

What practice is recommended here for purification (śuddhi)?

The verse recommends three Cāndrāyaṇa observances along with giving dakṣiṇā—specifically five pairs of cows—to brāhmaṇas as a means of purification.

What is the role of dakṣiṇā in this verse?

Dakṣiṇā is presented as an essential accompanying gift to learned brāhmaṇas, reinforcing that penance (vrata) is paired with generosity (dāna) in dharma-based purification.

What ethical lesson does the verse emphasize?

It emphasizes responsibility and restitution: inner discipline through penance and outward support of sacred learning and ritual specialists through charitable giving.