Shloka 31

Samayakaraṇa

Determination of Proper Times / Formalizing the Condition

Devanagari script

येन तुष्टः पशुपतिः सद्यः प्रत्युपकारकः । ईप्सितोऽयं मया प्राप्तो भवानवनिपालकः ॥ ३१ ॥

Transliteration

yena tuṣṭaḥ paśupatiḥ sadyaḥ pratyupakārakaḥ | īpsito'yaṃ mayā prāpto bhavānavanipālakaḥ || 31 ||

Translation

ଯାହାଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ପଶୁପତି (ଶିବ) ପ୍ରସନ୍ନ ହେଲେ—ଯିଏ ସତ୍ୱର ପ୍ରତ୍ୟୁପକାର କରନ୍ତି—ସେହି ମାଧ୍ୟମରେ ମୁଁ ତୁମକୁ, ଇଚ୍ଛିତ ଅବନିପାଳକକୁ, ପାଇଛି।

Word by Word

• yena: by which
• yena: Karaṇa (करण/तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter/masc. form used adverbially ‘by which/whereby’

• tuṣṭaḥ: pleased
• tuṣṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √tuṣ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• paśu-patiḥ: Lord of creatures (Śiva)
• paśu-patiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paśu (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘पशूनां पतिः’

• sadyaḥ: immediately
• sadyaḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadyaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• prati-upakārakaḥ: one who returns favors
• prati-upakārakaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prati (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + upakāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• īpsitaḥ: desired
• īpsitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √āp (धातु) + san (सन्, desiderative) → √īps (ईप्स्) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त) of desiderative stem, Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• ayam: this (person)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karaṇa/Agent (करण/कर्तृ-तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• prāptaḥ: obtained / attained
• prāptaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √āp (धातु) + pra (उपसर्ग) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• bhavān: you
• bhavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक/आदरार्थ)
• Form: Honorific pronoun (आदरार्थ-सर्वनाम), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग)

• avani-pālakaḥ: protector of the earth (king)
• avani-pālakaḥ: Apposition (समानााधिकरण/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: avani (प्रातिपदिक) + pālaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘अवनेः पालकः’

Speaker

Unspecified (narrative dialogue within Uttara-Bhaga; likely a devotee/beneficiary addressing a king)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Paśupati (Śiva)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights the doctrine of divine grace: when Paśupati is truly pleased, he responds quickly, and that grace manifests tangibly—here, as the gaining of a righteous king/protector.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is shown as effective and relational: sincere worship pleases the deity, and the deity becomes “pratyupakāraka,” returning help swiftly in the devotee’s lived circumstances.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse does not explicitly teach a Vedāṅga; its practical takeaway is dharma-oriented polity—recognizing kingship (avanipālaka) as a divinely supported responsibility arising from righteous devotion.