Shloka 17

Adhyaya 37 — Alarka’s Crisis and the Teaching on Non-Attachment (Madālasa’s Instruction Recalled)

Sanskrit

कांश्चिच्चोपप्रदानेन कांश्चिद् भेदेन पार्थिवान् ।

साम्नैवान्यान् वशं निन्ये निभृतास्तस्य येऽभवन् ॥

Transliteration

kāṁś cic copapradānena kāṁś cid bhedena pārthivān | sāmnaivānyān vaśaṁ ninye nibhṛtās tasya ye 'bhavan ||

Translation

କେତେକ ରାଜାଙ୍କୁ ସେ ଦାନ ଦେଇ ନିଜ ପକ୍ଷକୁ ଆଣିଲେ, କେତେକଙ୍କୁ ଭେଦ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କରି; ଯେମାନେ ଗୁପ୍ତରେ ତାଙ୍କ ପ୍ରତି ଅନୁକୂଳ ହୋଇଥିଲେ, ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ସାମ (ସାନ୍ତ୍ୱନା/ସମ୍ମତି) ଦ୍ୱାରା ବଶ କଲେ।

Word by Word

• कान्: some (whom)
• कान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• चित्: certain/some
• चित्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (अव्यय)
• Form: अनिश्चितार्थक-निपात (indefinite particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• उपप्रदानेन: by gifts/bribes
• उपप्रदानेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उप-प्रदान (प्रातिपदिक; उप + प्रदान)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular); उपसर्गपूर्वक-तत्पुरुष: ‘उपप्रदान’ = offering/bribing

• कान्: others (whom)
• कान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• चित्: certain/some
• चित्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (अव्यय)
• Form: अनिश्चितार्थक-निपात (indefinite particle)

• भेदेन: by division/dissension
• भेदेन: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• पार्थिवान्: kings/rulers
• पार्थिवान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• साम्ना: by conciliation
• साम्ना: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular); ‘साम’ = conciliation

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle: only/indeed)

• अन्यान्: others
• अन्यान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• वशम्: into subjection
• वशम्: Karma (कर्म/Object/Result)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• निन्ये: led/brought
• निन्ये: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नी (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद

• निभृताः: subdued/kept down
• निभृताः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-√भृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural); ‘restrained/subdued’

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अभवन्: became/were
• अभवन्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद

Speakers

• Narrator voice

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Artha (statecraft)
• Diplomacy
• Alliance-making

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse presents the classic toolkit of governance: persuasion, incentives, and strategic division. It also warns that political loyalties can be covert and opportunistic.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṁśānucarita: kings’ conduct narrated to illustrate political realities and dharma/artha tensions.

What is the esoteric significance?

Internally, ‘gifts, division, conciliation’ map to ways the mind negotiates with tendencies: feeding some, separating conflicting impulses, and pacifying others to establish inner rule.