Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 35, Shloka 56

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

धर्मतो धनमाहार्यं यष्टव्यञ्चापि यत्नतः ।

यच्चापि कुर्वतो नात्मा जुगुप्सामेति पुत्रक ! ॥

Transliteration

dharmato dhanam āhāryaṃ yaṣṭavyañ cāpi yatnataḥ /

yac cāpi kurvato nātmā jugupsām eti putraka !

Translation

ଧର୍ମମାର୍ଗରେ ଧନ ଅର୍ଜନ କରିବା ଉଚିତ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରୟାସସହିତ ଯଜ୍ଞ କରିବା ଉଚିତ। ଯାହା କଲେ ନିଜ ଆତ୍ମା ଆତ୍ମଗ୍ଲାନିରେ ପଡ଼େ ନାହିଁ—ସେହି କାମ କର, ପ୍ରିୟ ପୁତ୍ର।

Word by Word

• धर्मतः: according to dharma / righteously
• धर्मतः: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb), हेतौ/प्रकारे (by/according to dharma)

• धनम्: wealth
• धनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• आहार्यम्: to be obtained/collected
• आहार्यम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + हृ (धातु) + यत् (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: यत्-कृदन्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (nom/acc), एकवचन (singular)

• यष्टव्यम्: to be sacrificed / should perform sacrifice
• यष्टव्यम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज् (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: तव्यत्-कृदन्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (nom/acc), एकवचन (singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधान/समुच्चय (also/even)

• यत्नतः: with effort, diligently
• यत्नतः: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb), प्रकारे (with effort)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (nom/acc), एकवचन (singular); सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle)

• कुर्वतः: of (one) doing
• कुर्वतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + शतृ (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular)

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• आत्मा: the self
• आत्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• जुगुप्साम्: disgust, self-reproach
• जुगुप्साम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जुगुप्सा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• एति: goes to, attains
• एति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• पुत्रक: dear son
• पुत्रक: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन (vocative/8th), एकवचन (singular)

Speakers

• Instructional discourse within Alarka-anuśāsana frame (addressing ‘putraka’
• i.e.
• son)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Right livelihood
• Yajña
• Conscience/inner moral sense
• Dharma

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dharma is validated by both śāstra and conscience: earn cleanly, worship diligently, and avoid acts that leave inner shame—this is an internal test for ethical action.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Didactic dharma teaching; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Self-disgust’ is the subtle indicator of tamas and inner fracture. The verse points to integrity (antar-śauca) as the hidden foundation of outer ritual.