Shloka 49

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

जाते पुत्रे पितुः स्नानं सचेलन्तु विधीयते ।

तत्रापि यदि चान्यस्मिन जातॆ जायेत चापरः ॥

Transliteration

jāte putre pituḥ snānaṃ sacelantu vidhīyate | tatrāpi yadi cānyasmin jāte jāyeta cāparaḥ ||

Translation

ପୁତ୍ର ଜନ୍ମିଲେ ପିତାଙ୍କୁ ବସ୍ତ୍ରସହିତ ସ୍ନାନ କରିବାକୁ ନିର୍ଦ୍ଦେଶ ଅଛି। ଏହି ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗରେ ମଧ୍ୟ, ଜଣେ ଜନ୍ମିବା ପରେ ପୁଣି ଅନ୍ୟ ଜଣେ ଜନ୍ମିଲେ (ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ କ୍ରମେ ଜନନ ହେଲେ) … (ଆଗକୁ ବିଧାନ ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗାନୁସାରେ)।

Word by Word

• जाते: when born
• जाते: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जात (कृदन्त; √जन् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘when (a son) is born’

• पुत्रे: in the case of a son
• पुत्रे: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• पितुः: of the father
• पितुः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• स्नानम्: bathing
• स्नानम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्म/विधेय), एकवचन

• सचेलम्: with clothes (on)
• सचेलम्: विशेषण (of स्नानम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स+चेल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘with clothes (on)’; स्नानम् इति विशेषणम्

• तु: however/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध/विरोध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle)

• विधीयते: is prescribed / is enjoined
• विधीयते: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+√धा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive)

• तत्र: there / in that case
• तत्र: देशाधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb of place)

• अपि: also
• अपि: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle)

• यदि: if
• यदि: हेतु/शर्त
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conditional particle)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

• अन्यस्मिन्: in another (case/person)
• अन्यस्मिन्: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• जाते: when born
• जाते: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जात (कृदन्त; √जन् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘when (one) is born’

• जायेत: should be born / is born
• जायेत: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपरः: another (one)
• अपरः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; ‘another (son)’

Speakers

• Dharma-instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not specified in the excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Sūtaka practice
• Householder rites
• Purificatory bath (snāna)
• Birth-related ritual regulation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even joyful transitions require ritual ordering; the father’s bath marks immediate acknowledgment of a changed household state and readiness to follow prescribed observances.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma instruction connected to household life, not a pancalakṣaṇa narrative.

What is the esoteric significance?

Snāna functions as a rite of reset: it ritually ‘recalibrates’ the father’s status at the moment lineage continuity manifests, preparing the household for the sūtaka framework.