Shloka 11

Adhyaya 33 — Madālasa on the Fruit of Śrāddha Performed on Lunar Days and Nakṣatras

Sanskrit

प्रदानशीलो भवति सापत्यश्चोत्तरासु च ।

प्रयाति श्रेष्ठतां सत्यं हस्ते श्राद्धप्रदो नरः ॥

Transliteration

pradānaśīlo bhavati sāpatyaś cottarāsu ca | prayāti śreṣṭhatāṃ satyaṃ haste śrāddhaprado naraḥ ||

Translation

ଉତ୍ତରାମାନେ (ଉତ୍ତରଫାଲ୍ଗୁନୀ ଆଦି) ଦାନଶୀଳ ଓ ସନ୍ତାନବାନ୍ ହୁଏ; ହସ୍ତ ନକ୍ଷତ୍ରରେ ଶ୍ରାଦ୍ଧ ଅର୍ପଣ କରୁଥିବା ପୁରୁଷ ନିଶ୍ଚୟ ଉତ୍କର୍ଷ/ପ୍ରାଧାନ୍ୟ ପାଏ।

Word by Word

• pradāna-śīlaḥ: generous, inclined to giving
• pradāna-śīlaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pradāna (प्रातिपदिक) + śīla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (pradāne śīlaḥ / pradānaśīlaḥ) विशेषणम्

• bhavati: becomes
• bhavati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present Indicative), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• sa-apatyaḥ: with offspring
• sa-apatyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (प्रातिपदिक) + apatya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (saḥ apatyavān)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• uttarāsu: in the Uttarās
• uttarāsu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uttarā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; (नक्षत्र-नाम: उत्तराफाल्गुनी/उत्तराषाढा/उत्तराभाद्रपदा)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• prayāti: attains, goes to
• prayāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√yā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present Indicative), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• śreṣṭhatām: excellence, superiority
• śreṣṭhatām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śreṣṭhatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• satyam: surely, truly
• satyam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगः/क्रियाविशेषणवत् नपुंसक-एकवचनम्; सत्येन/निश्चयेन इत्यर्थे (indeclinable-like adverbial use)

• haste: in (the nakṣatra) Hasta
• haste: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन; (नक्षत्र-नाम)

• śrāddha-pradaḥ: one who gives śrāddha-offerings
• śrāddha-pradaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrāddha (प्रातिपदिक) + prada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः (śrāddhaṃ pradadāti iti)

• naraḥ: a man
• naraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Dharma-instructional narrator within the Purāṇic dialogue framework (not Devi Māhātmya); specific speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Pitṛs (Ancestors)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Dāna (generosity)
• Nakṣatra observance
• Social excellence
• Progeny

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Śrāddha is not only for receiving boons; it cultivates virtues—especially dāna—suggesting that the highest ‘fruit’ is refinement of character that benefits society.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma instruction; ancillary to the Purāṇic core characteristics.

What is the esoteric significance?

Hasta (‘hand’) symbolically links ritual offering with skillful action; excellence (śreṣṭhatā) is portrayed as the karmic maturation of disciplined giving.