Shloka 65

Adhyaya 2 — The Lineage of Garuda and the Birth of the Wise Birds: Kanka and Kandhara

Sanskrit

अपाम्पतेर्गोष्पतिवित्तरक्षिणोः समीरणस्यापि तथा द्विजोत्तमाः ।

धातुर्विधातुस्त्वथ वैश्वदेविकाः श्रुतिप्रयुक्ता विविधास्तु सत्क्रियाः ॥

Transliteration

apāmpater goṣpati-vitta-rakṣiṇoḥ samīraṇasyāpi tathā dvijottamāḥ |

dhātur vidhātus tv atha vaiśvadevikāḥ śruti-prayuktā vividhās tu satkriyāḥ ||

Translation

ହେ ଦ୍ୱିଜଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ! ବେଦବିହିତ ସତ୍କ୍ରିୟା ନାନାପ୍ରକାର—ଜଳାଧିପତି ବରୁଣ ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧୀୟ, ପଶୁପତି ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧୀୟ, ଧନରକ୍ଷକ (କୁବେର) ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧୀୟ ଏବଂ ବାୟୁ ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧୀୟ; ତଥା ଧାତୃ ଓ ବିଧାତୃ ପାଇଁ, ଏବଂ ସର୍ବଦେବ ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧିତ ବୈଶ୍ୱଦେବ କର୍ମମାନେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଅଛି।

Word by Word

• अपाम्: of waters
• अपाम्: Samasa-sambandha (समास-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (अप्-शब्दः), षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन

• पतेः: of the lord
• पतेः: Samasa-sambandha (समास-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• गोष्पति-वित्त-रक्षिणोः: of Goṣpati and Vittarakṣin
• गोष्पति-वित्त-रक्षिणोः: Sampradana/Artha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोष्पति + वित्त + रक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: द्वन्द्व (enumerative), षष्ठी (Genitive), द्विवचन; 'of (two) Goṣpati and Vittarakṣin'

• समीरणस्य: of the wind (Samīraṇa)
• समीरणस्य: Sampradana/Artha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समीरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• द्विजोत्तमाः: the best of the twice-born (brahmins)
• द्विजोत्तमाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (best among dvijas), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• धातुः: Dhātu (a deity/name)
• धातुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विधातुः: Vidhātu (a deity/name)
• विधातुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तु: and/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेष (but/indeed)

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अनुक्रम (then/now)

• वैश्वदेविकाः: the Vaiśvadevika (rites/agents related to the Viśvedevas)
• वैश्वदेविकाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्वदेविक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'connected with Viśvedevas'

• श्रुति-प्रयुक्ताः: enjoined by the Veda
• श्रुति-प्रयुक्ताः: Visheshana (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रुति + प्रयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक + कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (instrumental sense: 'by śruti'), क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) 'प्रयुक्त', पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• विविधाः: various
• विविधाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• सत्क्रियाः: good rites/observances
• सत्क्रियाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् + क्रिया (प्रातिपदिक-समूह)
• Form: कर्मधारय (good rites), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speakers

• Unclear from the single verse excerpt; situated in the early Markandeya Purana discourse on dharma/ritual (likely a narrator addressing dvijas).

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Apāṃpati (Lord of Waters)
• Goṣpati (Lord of Cattle)
• Vitta-rakṣin (Protector of Wealth)
• Vāyu (Samīraṇa)
• Dhātṛ
• Vidhātṛ
• Viśvedevas (All-gods)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Vedic ritualism (Śrauta/Smārta orientation)
• Devatā-specific rites
• Householder observances (implied through Vaiśvadeva)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dharma is presented as structured and Veda-grounded: sacred action is not random but ‘śruti-prayukta’—authorized by revelation—and diversified according to cosmic functions (waters, wind, wealth, cattle, sustaining/ordering powers). Ethically, it frames piety as disciplined alignment with the cosmic order (ṛta/dharma) through correctly directed worship and offerings.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse most naturally falls under Dharma/ācāra instruction rather than the five hallmark purāṇic topics. Indirectly it supports ‘Sarga’/cosmic order by mapping ritual obligations to cosmic administrators (deities as functional principles), but it is primarily an ācāra (conduct/ritual) passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

The listed deities can be read as personified powers governing essential life-supporting domains—water (ap), breath/wind (prāṇa as samīraṇa), prosperity/wealth (artha), cattle/food economy, and cosmic regulation (dhātṛ/vidhātṛ). The ‘many rites’ imply that spiritual practice must touch multiple strata of existence, integrating material sustenance and metaphysical order into a single sacrificial worldview.