Shloka 32

Adhyaya 14 — The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

Sanskrit

तिष्ठन्ति तत्र युक्तानि लिङ्गमात्रेण चात्मनि ।

वपुषा मनसा वाचा न कदाचित्क्वचिन्नरः ॥

Transliteration

tiṣṭhanti tatra yuktāni liṅgamātreṇa cātmani / vapuṣā manasā vācā na kadācit kvacin naraḥ

Translation

ସେଠାରେ ସେମାନେ କେବଳ ସୂକ୍ଷ୍ମ ‘ଲିଙ୍ଗ’ମାତ୍ର ଦ୍ୱାରା ଆତ୍ମା ସହ ଯୁକ୍ତ ହୋଇ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ ରହନ୍ତି; କେହି ମଧ୍ୟ କେବେ କେଉଁଠି ଦେହ, ମନ କିମ୍ବା ବାଣୀରେ ସେହି ସମ୍ବନ୍ଧ ବିନା ପ୍ରବୃତ୍ତ ହୁଏ ନାହିଁ।

Word by Word

• तिष्ठन्ति: remain/stand
• तिष्ठन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (there)

• युक्तानि: connected/associated
• युक्तानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yukta (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from युज्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘joined/connected’

• लिङ्गमात्रेण: by the mere subtle mark (only)
• लिङ्गमात्रेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: liṅga+mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘by mere sign/body (liṅga)’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (and)

• आत्मनि: in the self
• आत्मनि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• वपुषा: by the body
• वपुषा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vapus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मनसा: by the mind
• मनसा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• वाचा: by speech
• वाचा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)

• कदाचित्: ever/at any time
• कदाचित्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kadācit (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (ever/at any time)

• क्वचित्: anywhere
• क्वचित्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kvacit (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (anywhere/somewhere)

• नरः: a man/person
• नरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speakers

• Unclear from provided excerpt (later addresses 'rājan')

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Subtle body (liṅga)
• Agency
• Karma
• Body-mind-speech triad

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Karmic continuity is carried through a subtle linkage (liṅga), and ethical responsibility spans body, mind, and speech—none are outside karmic accounting.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Philosophical anthropology/ethics rather than purāṇic cosmography or genealogy.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Liṅga’ can be read as the subtle body that transports saṃskāras across births; it is the hidden carrier that makes moral causality possible beyond a single lifetime.