Shloka 25

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

पितृमातृसुहृद्भ्रातृकलत्रादिकृतेन च ।

तुष्टोऽसकृत् तथा दैन्यमश्रुधौताऽननो गतः ॥

Transliteration

pitṛ-mātṛ-suhṛd-bhrātṛ-kalatrādi-kṛtena ca /

tuṣṭo 'sakṛt tathā dainyam aśru-dhauta-ānano gataḥ

Translation

ପିତା, ମାତା, ମିତ୍ର, ଭାଇ, ପତ୍ନୀ ଇତ୍ୟାଦିଙ୍କ କାରଣରେ ମୁଁ ବହୁବାର ପ୍ରସନ୍ନ ହୋଇଛି; ଏବଂ ସେହିପରି ଅଶ୍ରୁରେ ଧୋଇଥିବା ମୁହଁ ସହ ଦୁର୍ଦ୍ଦଶାରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ପତିତ ହୋଇଛି।

Word by Word

• pitṛ-mātṛ-suhṛd-bhrātṛ-kalatra-ādi-kṛtena: by deeds done for father, mother, friends, brothers, wife, etc.
• pitṛ-mātṛ-suhṛd-bhrātṛ-kalatra-ādi-kṛtena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ + mātṛ + suhṛd + bhrātṛ + kalatra + ādi + kṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: 'by/with what is done for father, mother, friend, brother, wife, etc.' (kṛta used as noun 'deed/service')

• ca: and
• ca: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samucchaya-nipāta

• tuṣṭaḥ: satisfied/pleased
• tuṣṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tuṣ (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Kta-participle, Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; predicate adjective/participle

• asakṛt: repeatedly
• asakṛt: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: asakṛt (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (adverb: repeatedly)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Prakāra-avyaya (adverb: likewise)

• dainyam: wretchedness/misery
• dainyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana; abstract noun

• aśru-dhauta-ānanaḥ: one whose face is washed by tears
• aśru-dhauta-ānanaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aśru + dhauta + ānana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; bahuvrīhi: 'whose face is washed with tears' qualifying the speaker

• gataḥ: gone/come to (a state)
• gataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Kta-participle, Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate (asmi understood)

Speakers

• Unspecified speaker; continuing saṃsāra reflection

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Attachment and suffering
• Household bonds
• Emotional oscillation in saṃsāra

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Family relations generate both happiness and grief; the teaching is not anti-family but warns against binding attachment that makes the mind swing between elation and despair.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ethical/psychological instruction within narrative; not a core cosmological/genealogical segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘tears and joy’ duality is a guṇa-play (rajas/tamas/sattva fluctuations); steadiness comes from resting in the Self beyond relational identities.