Shloka 23
कृतयुगवर्णनम् तथा राजधर्मोपदेशः
Kṛtayuga Description and Instruction on Royal Dharma
तस्य तावच्छती संध्या संध्यांशक्ष तथाविध: । चार हजार दिव्य वर्षोका एक सत्ययुग बताया गया है, उतने ही सौ वर्ष उसकी संध्या और संध्यांशके होते हैं (इस प्रकार कुल अड़तालीस सौ दिव्य वर्ष सत्ययुगके हैं) ।। २२३ || त्रीणि वर्षसहस्राणि त्रेतायुगमिहोच्यते
tasya tāvacchatī sandhyā sandhyāṁśaś ca tathāvidhaḥ | catvāri sahasrāṇi divya-varṣāṇi ekaṁ satya-yugam ucyate, utāni eva śata-varṣāṇi tasya sandhyā-sandhyāṁśayoḥ (evaṁ kulaṁ catuḥśatāṣṭaśatāni divya-varṣāṇi satya-yugasya) || trīṇi varṣa-sahasrāṇi tretā-yugam iha ucyate ||
ବୈଶମ୍ପାୟନ କହିଲେ—ସେହି ଯୁଗର ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟା ଶତ (ଦିବ୍ୟ) ବର୍ଷର; ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାଂଶ ମଧ୍ୟ ସେହିପରି। ଏହିପରି ଚାରି ହଜାର ଦିବ୍ୟ ବର୍ଷକୁ ସତ୍ୟଯୁଗ ବୋଲି କୁହାଯାଏ; ଆରମ୍ଭ ଓ ଶେଷର ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟା-ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାଂଶ ପାଇଁ ଶତ-ଶତ ଦିବ୍ୟ ବର୍ଷ ଯୋଗ କଲେ ମୋଟ ଅଠଚାଳିଶ ଶତ ଦିବ୍ୟ ବର୍ଷ ହୁଏ। ତାପରେ ଏଠାରେ ତ୍ରେତାଯୁଗର ଅବଧି ତିନି ହଜାର (ଦିବ୍ୟ) ବର୍ଷ ବୋଲି କୁହାଯାଇଛି।
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The passage teaches the traditional Purāṇic/Mahābhārata framework of cosmic time: each yuga has a main span plus transitional junctions (sandhyā and sandhyāṃśa). Satya Yuga is defined as 4000 divine years plus 100+100 for its junctions, and Tretā Yuga is introduced as 3000 divine years, implying a graded decrease across ages.
Vaiśaṃpāyana is explaining to his listener the measured durations of the world-ages (yugas). He completes the calculation for Satya Yuga by adding its opening and closing junction periods, then begins stating the duration of the next age, Tretā Yuga.