Shloka 103

कृतयुगवर्णनम् तथा राजधर्मोपदेशः

Kṛtayuga Description and Instruction on Royal Dharma

Devanagari script

सिन्धुं चैव विपाशां च नदीं गोदावरीमपि । वस्वोकसारां नलिनीं नर्मदां चैव भारत

Transliteration

sindhuṃ caiva vipāśāṃ ca nadīṃ godāvarīm api | vasvokasārāṃ nalinīṃ narmadāṃ caiva bhārata ||

Translation

ହେ ଭାରତ! ସେଠାରେ ମୁଁ ସିନ୍ଧୁ, ବିପାଶା ଓ ଗୋଦାବରୀ ନଦୀକୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦେଖିଲି; ଏହିପରି ବସ୍ୱୋକସାରା, ନଲିନୀ ଓ ନର୍ମଦାକୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦେଖିଲି।

Word by Word

• सिन्धुम्: the Sindhu (Indus river)
• सिन्धुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• विपाशाम्: Vipāśā (Beas river)
• विपाशाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विपाशा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• नदीम्: river
• नदीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• गोदावरीम्: Godāvarī (river)
• गोदावरीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गोदावरी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• वस्वोकसाराम्: Vasvokasārā (a river name)
• वस्वोकसाराम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्वोकसारा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• नलिनीम्: Nalinī (a river name)
• नलिनीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नलिनी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• नर्मदाम्: Narmadā (river)
• नर्मदाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर्मदा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• भारत: O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhārata (Janamejaya, addressed)
• Sindhu (Indus River)
• Vipāśā (Beas River)
• Godāvarī River
• Vasvokasārā River
• Nalinī (river)
• Narmadā River

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse reinforces the sanctity and civilizational breadth of Bhārata by naming revered rivers; it frames the land as a moral-spiritual landscape where remembrance of tīrthas (holy waters) supports purification, gratitude, and reverence for dharmic tradition.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana continues a first-person account of an extraordinary vision/experience in which numerous rivers are seen in succession; this line specifically enumerates Sindhu, Vipāśā, Godāvarī, Vasvokasārā, Nalinī, and Narmadā.