Shloka 45

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

Devanagari script

महोरस्को दीर्घबाहु: प्रमाथी युद्धेडद्धितीय: परमास्त्रवेदी । शिनेर्नप्ता तालमात्रायुधो<यं महारथो वीतभय: कृतास्त्र:

Transliteration

mahorasko dīrghabāhuḥ pramāthī yuddhe dvitīyaḥ paramāstravedī | śiner naptā tālamātrāyudho 'yaṃ mahāratho vītabhayaḥ kṛtāstraḥ ||

Translation

ଶିନିଙ୍କ ପୌତ୍ର ମହାରଥୀ ସାତ୍ୟକି ବିଶାଳ ବକ୍ଷସ୍ଥଳ ଓ ଦୀର୍ଘ ବାହୁବିଶିଷ୍ଟ; ସେ ଶତ୍ରୁମାନଙ୍କୁ ମଥି ଦେବାରେ ସମର୍ଥ, ଯୁଦ୍ଧରେ ଅଦ୍ୱିତୀୟ ଓ ପରମାସ୍ତ୍ରବିଦ୍ୟାର ଜ୍ଞାତା। ତାଳବୃକ୍ଷ-ପ୍ରମାଣ ଆୟୁଧ (ଧନୁ) ଧାରଣ କରୁଥିବା ଏହି ମହାରଥୀ ନିର୍ଭୟ ଓ ଅସ୍ତ୍ରଶାସ୍ତ୍ରରେ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ପ୍ରଶିକ୍ଷିତ।

Word by Word

• महोरस्कः: broad-chested
• महोरस्कः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महो-उरस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दीर्घबाहुः: long-armed
• दीर्घबाहुः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीर्घ-बाहु
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रमाथी: crusher, overpowering one
• प्रमाथी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रमाथिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अद्वितीयः: unmatched, without a second
• अद्वितीयः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्वितीय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परमास्त्रवेदी: knower of supreme weapons (missiles)
• परमास्त्रवेदी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम-अस्त्र-विद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शिनेः: of Śini
• शिनेः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिनि
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• नप्ता: grandson
• नप्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नप्तृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तालमात्रायुधः: having a weapon (bow) of palm-tree measure (very long)
• तालमात्रायुधः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ताल-मात्र-आयुध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अयम्: this (man)
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महारथः: great chariot-warrior
• महारथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-रथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वीतभयः: free from fear, fearless
• वीतभयः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीत-भय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृतास्त्रः: trained in weapons, accomplished in arms
• कृतास्त्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत-अस्त्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Sātyaki
• Śini
• āstra (weapons/missiles)
• tāla (palm-tree, as a measure)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ideal of disciplined valor: true martial excellence combines physical strength, mastery of weapons, and fearlessness grounded in training—qualities expected of a kṣatriya when war becomes unavoidable.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is enumerating and praising notable warriors; here he singles out Sātyaki, emphasizing his lineage (Śini’s grandson), elite status as a mahāratha, and his unmatched prowess and expertise in advanced weapons.