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Shloka 12

Sanatsujāta-Āhvāna (Summoning Sanatsujāta) — Vidura’s Invocation and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Doubt

सोभिध्यायन्नुत्पतितान्‌ निहन्या- दनादरेणाप्रतिबुध्यमान: । नैनं मृत्युर्मुत्युरिवात्ति भूत्वा एवं विद्वान यो विनिहन्ति कामान्‌,(अत: जो मृत्युको जीतनेकी इच्छा रखता है,) उसे चाहिये कि परमात्माका ध्यान करके विषयोंको तुच्छ मानकर उन्हें कुछ भी न गिनते हुए उनकी कामनाओंको उत्पन्न होते ही नष्ट कर डाले। इस प्रकार जो विद्वान विषयोंकी इच्छाको मिटा देता है, उसको [साधारण प्राणियोंकी] मृत्युकी भाँति मृत्यु नहीं मारती (अर्थात्‌ वह जन्म-मरणसे मुक्त हो जाता है)

so 'bhidhyāyann utpatitān nihanyād anādareṇāpratibudhyamānaḥ | nainaṃ mṛtyur mṛtyur ivātti bhūtvā evaṃ vidvān yo vinihanti kāmān ||

ଏହେତୁ ଯେ ମୃତ୍ୟୁକୁ ଜିତିବାକୁ ଚାହେ, ସେ ପରମାତ୍ମାରେ ମନ ନିଶ୍ଚଳ କରି, ବିଷୟମାନଙ୍କୁ ତୁଚ୍ଛ ଭାବି, ସେମାନଙ୍କ ପ୍ରତି ଅନାଦର ରଖି, କାମନା ଉଦ୍‌ଭବ ହେବା ସହିତେ ତାହାକୁ ନଶ୍ଟ କରିଦେଉ। ଯେ ଜ୍ଞାନୀ ଏଭଳି ଭାବେ ଇଚ୍ଛାମାନଙ୍କୁ ବିନାଶ କରେ, ତାହାକୁ ମୃତ୍ୟୁ ସାଧାରଣ ପ୍ରାଣୀମାନଙ୍କ ପରି ଗ୍ରାସ କରିପାରେ ନାହିଁ; ସେ ଜନ୍ମ-ମୃତ୍ୟୁର ଚକ୍ରକୁ ଅତିକ୍ରମ କରେ।

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिध्यायन्meditating upon / contemplating
अभिध्यायन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-ध्यै
FormPresent active participle (parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
उत्पतितान्arisen / sprung up
उत्पतितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्-पत्
FormPast active participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural
निहन्यात्should destroy / should strike down
निहन्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
FormOptative (vidhiliṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
अनादरेणwith disregard / contempt
अनादरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनादर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अप्रतिबुध्यमानःnot awakening / not becoming aware
अप्रतिबुध्यमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-प्रति-बुध्
FormPresent middle participle (ātmanepada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
मृत्युःdeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्युःdeath
मृत्युः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike / as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अत्तिeats / devours
अत्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअद्
FormPresent indicative (laṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormAbsolutive (ktvā)
एवम्thus / in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
विद्वान्a wise man
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनिहन्तिdestroys / strikes down
विनिहन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नि-हन्
FormPresent indicative (laṭ), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
कामान्desires
कामान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
M
Mṛtyu (Death)
P
Paramātman (Supreme Self)

Educational Q&A

Desires are to be cut off at their very birth through meditation on the Supreme and deliberate disregard for sense-objects; the wise who uproots craving is not ‘devoured by Death’—meaning he transcends ordinary mortality and attains liberation.

In the Sanatsujātīya discourse within Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs (in a didactic, philosophical register) that conquering death is achieved not by external means but by inner vigilance: immediately destroying rising desires and remaining awake to their danger.