Shloka 23
Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum
Udyoga-parva 35
Devanagari script
विदुर उवाच तपो दमो ब्रह्मवित्तं विताना: पुण्या विवाहा: सततान्नदानम् | येष्वेवैते सप्त गुणा वसन्ति सम्यग्वृत्तास्तानि महाकुलानि,विदुरजी बोले--राजन्! जिनमें तप, इन्द्रियसंयम, वेदोंका स्वाध्याय, यज्ञ, पवित्र विवाह, सदा अन्नदान और सदाचार--ये सात गुण वर्तमान हैं, उन्हें महान् (उत्तम) कुलीन कहते हैं
Transliteration
vidura uvāca—tapo damo brahmavittaṃ vitānāḥ puṇyā vivāhāḥ satatānna-dānam | yeṣv evaite sapta guṇā vasanti samyag-vṛttās tāni mahā-kulāni ||
Translation
ବିଦୁର କହିଲେ— ରାଜନ୍! ତପ, ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରିୟସଂଯମ, ବେଦ-ବ୍ରହ୍ମବିଦ୍ୟା, ଯଜ୍ଞାନୁଷ୍ଠାନର ପରିପାଳନ, ପବିତ୍ର ବିବାହ, ନିରନ୍ତର ଅନ୍ନଦାନ ଓ ସମ୍ୟକ୍ ସଦାଚାର—ଏହି ସାତ ଗୁଣ ଯେଉଁ କୁଳରେ ବସନ୍ତି, ସେହି କୁଳଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ‘ମହାକୁଳ’ କୁହାଯାଏ।
Word by Word
विदुरःVidura
विदुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दमःself-control
दमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मवित्तम्knowledge of Brahman/Veda (brahma-knowledge)
ब्रह्मवित्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मवित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वितानाःsacrificial rites/ceremonial performances
वितानाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवितान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुण्याःholy, meritorious
पुण्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विवाहाःmarriages
विवाहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविवाह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सततalways, continually
सतत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
अन्नदानम्giving of food
अन्नदानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्नदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
येषुin which (families)
येषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
एतेthese
एते:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सप्तseven
सप्त:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसप्त
गुणाःqualities, virtues
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वसन्तिdwell, abide, are present
वसन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural
सम्यक्properly, rightly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
वृत्ताःwell-conducted, of good conduct
वृत्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तानिthose
तानि:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
महाकुलानिgreat/noble families
महाकुलानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाकुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
ViduraK
King (rājan; addressed figure)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes