Shloka 41

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 130: Kuntī’s Instruction on Rājadharma and Daṇḍanīti

Devanagari script

ततो रथेन शुभ्रेण महता किडुकिणीकिना । कुरूणां पश्यतां द्रष्टं स्‍्वसारं स पितुर्यया

Transliteration

tato rathena śubhreṇa mahatā kiḍukiṇīkinā | kurūṇāṃ paśyatāṃ draṣṭuṃ svasāraṃ sa pitur yayā ||

Translation

ତାପରେ ସେ କଙ୍କଣୀର ଝଙ୍କାରରେ ନିନାଦିତ, ଶୁଭ୍ର ଓ ବିଶାଳ ରଥରେ ଚଢ଼ି—କୁରୁମାନେ ଦେଖୁଥିବାବେଳେ—ପିତୃଗୃହକୁ ଯାଇଥିବା ନିଜ ଭଗିନୀଙ୍କୁ ଦେଖିବାକୁ ଗଲା।

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya

• रथेन: by/with a chariot
• रथेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• शुभ्रेण: white, bright
• शुभ्रेण: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• महता: great, large
• महता: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• किडुकिणीकिना: making a jingling sound (with tinkling ornaments)
• किडुकिणीकिना: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: किडुकिणीकिन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• कुरूणाम्: of the Kurus
• कुरूणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• पश्यताम्: while (they) were watching / of those watching
• पश्यताम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Kridanta
• Root: पश्यत् (√पश्)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural (present active participle used substantively)

• द्रष्टुम्: to see
• द्रष्टुम्: Karma
• Type: Kridanta
• Root: द्रष्टुम् (√दृश्)
• Form: Infinitive (tumun)

• स्वसारम्: sister
• स्वसारम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वसृ
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पितुः: of (his/her) father
• पितुः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• यया: by whom / with whom
• यया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Kurus
• chariot
• sister
• father (pituḥ)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights that dharma in a royal setting includes visible, socially accountable fulfillment of family obligations—acts like visiting and honoring kin are performed with propriety before the community, reinforcing ethical order.

What is happening in the narrative?

A male figure departs in a splendid, ornamented chariot to visit his sister who is associated with her father’s house, and this departure occurs in full view of the Kurus, indicating a formal, court-observed action.