Shloka 12

कालनिर्देशः शोकनिवारणं च

Instruction on Kāla and the Removal of Grief

Devanagari script

आधानादीनि कर्माणि शक्तिमान्न करोति यः । अप्रयच्छंश्व॒ सर्वाणि नित्यदेयानि भारत

Transliteration

ādhānādīni karmāṇi śaktimān na karoti yaḥ | aprayacchaṁś ca sarvāṇi nityadeyāni bhārata ||

Translation

ହେ ଭାରତ, ଯେ ଲୋକ ସାମର୍ଥ୍ୟ ଥିଲେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଅଗ୍ନ୍ୟାଧାନ ଆଦି ବିହିତ କର୍ମ କରେ ନାହିଁ, ଏବଂ ନିତ୍ୟ ଦେବାଯୋଗ୍ୟ ସମସ୍ତ ଦାନ ଦେଇ ନାହିଁ, ସେ କର୍ତ୍ତବ୍ୟରୁ ଚ୍ୟୁତ ହୋଇ ଧର୍ମାଚରଣରେ ହୀନ ହୁଏ।

Word by Word

• आधानादीनि: acts such as consecration/placing (rites) and others
• आधानादीनि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आधान-आदि
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• कर्माणि: actions, rites
• कर्माणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• शक्तिमान्: capable, having ability
• शक्तिमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शक्तिमत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• करोति: does, performs
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अप्रयच्छन्: not giving, withholding
• अप्रयच्छन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-यम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Shatr (present active participle), a- (nañ)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• सर्वाणि: all
• सर्वाणि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• नित्यदेयानि: things that must be given regularly (daily obligatory gifts)
• नित्यदेयानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नित्य-देय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Bhārata (address to Yudhiṣṭhira/descendant of Bharata)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Capability creates obligation: one who has the means should perform prescribed duties (especially household/ritual responsibilities) and should not withhold regular, obligatory giving; neglect of both is a lapse in dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct, Vyāsa addresses Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira) and characterizes a blameworthy type of person: the capable householder who neglects required rites and fails to give what should be given regularly.