Shloka 23

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

Devanagari script

प्रमोहो भ्रम आवर्तो घ्राणं श्रवणदर्शने । अद्भुतानि रसस्पर्शे शीतोष्णे मारुताकृति:

Transliteration

vyāsa uvāca | pramoho bhrama āvarto ghrāṇaṃ śravaṇadarśane | adbhutāni rasasparśe śītoṣṇe mārutākṛtiḥ | sattvasaṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati |

Translation

ବ୍ୟାସ କହିଲେ—ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରିୟମାନଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରମୋହ, ଭ୍ରମ ଓ ଚିତ୍ତର ଆବର୍ତ୍ତ ଉଦ୍ଭବ ହୁଏ—ଘ୍ରାଣରେ, ଶ୍ରବଣ ଓ ଦର୍ଶନରେ; ରସ ଓ ସ୍ପର୍ଶରେ ଅଦ୍ଭୁତ ଆସକ୍ତି ଜନ୍ମେ; ଶୀତ-ଉଷ୍ଣ ଅନୁଭବରେ ମନରେ ବାୟୁସଦୃଶ ଚଞ୍ଚଳତା ଉଦ୍ଦୀପିତ ହୁଏ। ସତ୍ତ୍ୱସେବନରେ ଧୀର ପୁରୁଷ ନିଦ୍ରା (ଆଳସ୍ୟ-ଅପ୍ରମାଦ) କୁ ଛେଦ କରିବାର ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ହୁଏ। ତେଣୁ ଯୋଗରେ କହିଥିବା ପାଞ୍ଚ ଦୋଷ—କାମ, କ୍ରୋଧ, ଲୋଭ, ଭୟ ଏବଂ ପଞ୍ଚମ ସ୍ୱପ୍ନ/ନିଦ୍ରା—ଏଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ସମୂଳେ ଉଚ୍ଛେଦ କରିବା ଉଚିତ। କ୍ରୋଧକୁ ଶମରେ ଜୟ କର, କାମକୁ ସଙ୍କଳ୍ପତ୍ୟାଗରେ ପରାଜିତ କର, ଏବଂ ସତ୍ତ୍ୱାଭ୍ୟାସରେ ନିଦ୍ରାକୁ ନିବାର।

Word by Word

• प्रमोहः: delusion
• प्रमोहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमोह
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भ्रमः: confusion, error
• भ्रमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आवर्तः: whirl, dizziness
• आवर्तः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आवर्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• घ्राणम्: smell (sense), nose
• घ्राणम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: घ्राण
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• श्रवणदर्शने: hearing and seeing
• श्रवणदर्शने: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रवणदर्शन
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Dual

• अद्भुतानि: wondrous (things)
• अद्भुतानि: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• रसस्पर्शे: in taste and touch
• रसस्पर्शे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रसस्पर्श
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Dual

• शीतोष्णे: in cold and heat
• शीतोष्णे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीतोष्ण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Dual

• मारुताकृतिः: wind-like form/motion
• मारुताकृतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारुताकृति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्त्वसंसेवनात्: from/by the practice of sattva (purity)
• सत्त्वसंसेवनात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्वसंसेवन
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• धीरः: steadfast (man)
• धीरः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निद्राम्: sleep
• निद्राम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• उच्छेत्तुम्: to cut off, to eliminate
• उच्छेत्तुम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-छिद्
• Form: Tumun (infinitive)

• अर्हति: is able/fit (to), deserves
• अर्हति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Sense-contact can generate delusion and restless mental whirl; the remedy is disciplined self-restraint and the cultivation of sattva. Specifically, anger is subdued by calm control (śama), desire by relinquishing impulsive resolve (saṅkalpa-tyāga), and drowsiness by sustained sattvic living.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the didactic discourse of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa instructs on inner discipline: he analyzes how the senses trigger confusion and agitation, then prescribes yogic remedies—especially sattva-cultivation—to uproot key moral-psychological दोष (faults) such as desire, anger, and sleepiness.