Shloka 22

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

Devanagari script

एवं परिमितं कालमाचरन्‌ संशितव्रत: । आसीनो हि रहस्येको गच्छेदक्षरसात्मताम्‌

Transliteration

vyāsa uvāca | evaṃ parimitaṃ kālam ācaran saṃśitavrataḥ | āsīno hi rahasya eko gacched akṣarasātmatām | sattvasaṃsevanād dhīro nidrām ucchettum arhati |

Translation

ବ୍ୟାସ କହିଲେ—ଏହିପରି ନିର୍ଦ୍ଧାରିତ ସମୟ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଆଚରଣ କରି, ବ୍ରତରେ ଦୃଢ଼ ହୋଇ, ଏକାନ୍ତରେ ଏକାକୀ ଆସୀନ ଥାଇ, ସାଧକ ଅକ୍ଷର (ଅବିନାଶୀ ବ୍ରହ୍ମ) ସହ ତାଦାତ୍ମ୍ୟକୁ ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ହୋଇପାରେ। ସତ୍ତ୍ୱସେବନରେ ଧୀର ପୁରୁଷ ନିଦ୍ରାକୁ ଛେଦ କରିବାରେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ହୁଏ।

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• परिमितम्: measured, limited
• परिमितम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिमित
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कालम्: time
• कालम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आचरन्: practising, performing
• Type: Verb
• Root: आचर्
• Form: Present, Active participle (शतृ), nominative singular masculine

• संशितव्रतः: one of sharpened/firm vows
• संशितव्रतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशितव्रत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आसीनः: seated
• आसीनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आसीन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हि: indeed, for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• रहसि: in solitude/secretly
• रहसि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रहस्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• एकः: alone, single
• एकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गच्छेत्: would go/attain
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Optative (विधिलिङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अक्षरसात्मताम्: identity with the Imperishable (Brahman)
• अक्षरसात्मताम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अक्षरसात्मता
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• सत्त्वसंसेवनात्: from/by resorting to sattva (purity)
• सत्त्वसंसेवनात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्त्वसंसेवन
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• धीरः: the steadfast man
• धीरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निद्राम्: sleep
• निद्राम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• उच्छेत्तुम्: to cut off, to remove
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-छिद्
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्)

• अर्हति: is able/fit
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Akṣara (Imperishable Brahman)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Steady, time-regulated practice with firm vows, done in solitude and secrecy, leads toward oneness with the Imperishable (akṣara); cultivating sattva supports this by overcoming torpor and sleep that obstruct meditation.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa continues an instruction on yogic discipline: he describes the practitioner’s regimen—measured practice, strict vows, solitary seated meditation—and states its fruit, namely realization/identity with the akṣara, aided by sattva.