Shloka 31

आत्मदर्शन-उपदेशः (Ātma-darśana Upadeśa) — Mind, Senses, and the All-pervading Self

Devanagari script

सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद्ब्रह्म॒णो विदु: । रात्रि युगसहस्रान्तां तेडहोरात्रविदो जना:

Transliteration

sahasra-yuga-paryantam ahar yad brahmaṇo viduḥ | rātriṁ yuga-sahasrāntāṁ te 'ho-rātra-vido janāḥ ||

Translation

ଅହୋରାତ୍ରର ପରିମାଣ ଯେମାନେ ଜାଣନ୍ତି, ସେମାନେ କୁହନ୍ତି—ବ୍ରହ୍ମାଙ୍କ ଦିନ ଏକହଜାର ଯୁଗ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଥାଏ, ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କର ରାତ୍ରି ମଧ୍ୟ ଏକହଜାର ଯୁଗର ଶେଷ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଥାଏ।

Word by Word

• सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तम्: up to (the span of) a thousand yugas
• सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र + युग + पर्यन्त
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अहः: day
• अहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• यत्: which
• यत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ब्रह्मणः: of Brahmā / of Brahman (here: Brahmā)
• ब्रह्मणः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• विदुः: know
• विदुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Perfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• रात्रिम्: night
• रात्रिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• युगसहस्रान्ताम्: ending with a thousand yugas (i.e., lasting a thousand yugas)
• युगसहस्रान्ताम्: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युग + सहस्र + अन्त
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अहोरात्रविदः: knowers of day and night
• अहोरात्रविदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहोरात्र + विद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जनाः: people
• जनाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Brahmā
• yuga

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that true wisdom includes understanding time from a cosmic perspective: Brahmā’s day and night each span a thousand yugas. This relativizes human concerns and encourages detachment, patience, and dharmic steadiness in the face of change.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa is explaining a doctrinal point about cosmic cycles—how the universe is governed by vast measures of time (Brahmā’s day and night). The statement frames ethical and spiritual instruction within a larger cosmological order.