Shloka 9

Duryodhana’s Post-Duel Lament and Instructions (भग्नसक्थस्य विलापः)

Devanagari script

अन्यायेन हतं दृष्टवा गदायुद्धेन भारत । युधिष्ठिरे महाराज महद्‌ भयमथाविशत्‌

Transliteration

anyāyena hataṃ dṛṣṭvā gadāyuddhena bhārata | yudhiṣṭhire mahārāja mahad bhayam athāviśat ||

Translation

ହେ ଭାରତବଂଶଜ! ଗଦାଯୁଦ୍ଧରେ ଅନ୍ୟାୟରେ (ନିୟମଭଙ୍ଗ କରି) ତାଙ୍କୁ ହତ କରାଯାଇଥିବା ଦେଖି ମହାରାଜ ଯୁଧିଷ୍ଠିରଙ୍କ ମନରେ ମହାଭୟ ପ୍ରବେଶ କଲା।

Word by Word

• अन्यायेन: by injustice, unjustly
• अन्यायेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्याय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• हतम्: killed, slain
• हतम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: kta (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: ktvā (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• गदायुद्धेन: by mace-fight, by the mace-duel
• गदायुद्धेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदायुद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• भारत: O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरे: in/for Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• महत्: great, mighty
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• भयम्: fear
• भयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अथ: then, thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• आविशत्: entered, seized (him)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-विश्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Janamejaya (implied by address ‘Bhārata’)
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Gadā (mace)
• Gadāyuddha (mace-duel)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even when the enemy is defeated, victory gained through adharma (rule-breaking injustice) produces moral peril. The verse highlights that ethical transgression in warfare rebounds as fear, guilt, and anticipated consequences—especially for a dharma-minded king like Yudhiṣṭhira.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Duryodhana is killed in a mace-duel in a manner judged ‘unrighteous’ (anyāyena), Yudhiṣṭhira is seized by great fear. The scene marks the immediate ethical fallout of the duel’s breach of accepted combat norms.