Mahabharata 9.5.49 — Shalya Parva, Adhyaya 5, Shloka 49

शल्यस्य सेनापत्याभ्युपगमः | Śalya’s Acceptance of Command

Devanagari script

पराजयमशोचन्त: कृतचित्ताश्न विक्रमे | सर्वे सुनिश्चिता योद्धुमुदग्रमनसो5भवन्‌

Transliteration

parājayam aśocantaḥ kṛtacittāś ca vikrame | sarve suniścitā yoddhum udagramanasaḥ abhavan ||

Translation

ସଞ୍ଜୟ କହିଲେ—ପରାଜୟର ଶୋକକୁ ତ୍ୟାଗ କରି, ସମସ୍ତେ ମନରେ ପରାକ୍ରମକୁ ଦୃଢ଼ କଲେ; ଯୁଦ୍ଧ କରିବାକୁ ସେମାନେ ସୁନିଶ୍ଚିତ ହେଲେ ଏବଂ ଉତ୍ସାହରେ ଭରିଉଠିଲେ।

Word by Word

• पराजयम्: defeat
• पराजयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराजय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अशोचन्तः: not grieving
• अशोचन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुच्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कृतचित्ताः: having made up their minds / resolute
• कृतचित्ताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतचित्त
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विक्रमे: in valor / in prowess
• विक्रमे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विक्रम
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सुनिश्चिताः: firmly resolved
• सुनिश्चिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुनिश्चित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• योद्धुम्: to fight
• योद्धुम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive)

• उदग्रमनसः: with uplifted/ardent minds; enthusiastic
• उदग्रमनसः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदग्रमनस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अभवन्: became / were
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a warrior-ethic of disciplined resolve: after a setback, one should relinquish paralyzing grief and re-center the mind on purposeful action. Ethically, it portrays the shift from lamentation to determination as a necessary inner stance for those committed to their chosen duty (here, battle).

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a change in the fighters’ morale: they stop mourning their defeat, become mentally fixed on valor, and collectively decide to continue fighting with renewed enthusiasm.