Shloka 40

Devanagari script

दर्शयन्‌ व्यचरद्‌ युद्धे द्रोणस्यान्तचिकीर्षया । चरतस्तस्य तान्‌ मार्गान्‌ विचित्रान्‌ खड़्गचर्मिण:

Transliteration

darśayan vyacarad yuddhe droṇasyāntacikīrṣayā | caratas tasya tān mārgān vicitrān khaḍgacarmiṇaḥ ||

Translation

ନିଜ ପରାକ୍ରମ ପ୍ରଦର୍ଶନ କରି, ଦ୍ରୋଣଙ୍କ ଅନ୍ତ କରିବା ଇଚ୍ଛାରେ ସେ ଯୁଦ୍ଧରେ ବିଚରିଲା। ଢାଳ-ଖଡ୍ଗଧାରୀ ସେ ଯୋଦ୍ଧା ଚାଲିଚାଲି ଆକ୍ରମଣର ଅନେକ ବିଚିତ୍ର ପଥ ରଚିଲା।

Word by Word

• दर्शयन्: showing, displaying
• दर्शयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (प्र. धातु) → दर्शयत् (शतृ-प्रत्यय, causative)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• व्यचरद्: moved about, roamed
• व्यचरद्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर्
• Form: लङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथम, एकवचन

• युद्धे: in the battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: नपुं, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• द्रोणस्य: of Drona
• द्रोणस्य: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: पुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• अन्तचिकीर्षया: with the intention of killing/bringing about the end
• अन्तचिकीर्षया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्तचिकीर्षा
• Form: स्त्री, तृतीया, एकवचन

• चरतः: of him who was moving about
• चरतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् → चरत् (शतृ-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: पुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• मार्गान्: paths, courses
• मार्गान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्ग
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• विचित्रान्: variegated, diverse
• विचित्रान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विचित्र
• Form: पुं, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• खड्गचर्मिणः: the sword-and-shield bearer
• खड्गचर्मिणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: खड्गचर्मिन्
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇa
• khaḍga (sword)
• carma (shield)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how intention (cikīrṣā) directs action in war: skill and movement are not neutral but are guided by a chosen end. It implicitly raises the ethical tension of kṣatriya duty—pursuing a lethal objective within the battlefield’s code and necessity.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a sword-and-shield-bearing warrior moving through the battlefield in complex, varied maneuvers, explicitly aiming to bring about Droṇa’s death—closing in through tactical routes and displays of martial prowess.