Shloka 8

Adhyāya 59: On Giving to the Asker and Supporting the Non-asking (याचक-अयाचक-दाने धर्मः)

Devanagari script

क्षत्रियाणामभावाय दैवयुक्तेन हेतुना । सतुतंप्रतिगृहौव पुत्रे संक्रामयिष्यति

Transliteration

kṣatriyāṇām abhāvāya daivayuktena hetunā | sa tu taṃ pratigṛhya uva putre saṅkrāmayiṣyati | ye kṣatriyāṇāṃ saṃhāraṃ kartum daivavaśāt taṃ dhanurvedaṃ gṛhītvā tapasyā-śuddhāntaḥkaraṇo ’sya putre mahābhāge jamadagnau tasya śikṣāṃ dāsyati | bhṛguśreṣṭho jamadagniḥ taṃ dhanurvedaṃ dhārayiṣyati |

Translation

କ୍ଷତ୍ରିୟମାନଙ୍କ ନାଶ ପାଇଁ, ଦୈବଯୁକ୍ତ କାରଣବଶତଃ, ସେ ଧନୁର୍ବେଦକୁ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରି ପୁତ୍ରଙ୍କୁ ସଂକ୍ରମଣ କରାଇବ। ତପସ୍ୟାରେ ଶୁଦ୍ଧ ଅନ୍ତଃକରଣବାନ ସେ ମହାଭାଗ ନିଜ ପୁତ୍ର ଜମଦଗ୍ନିଙ୍କୁ ସେଇ ଧନୁର୍ବେଦ ଶିଖାଇବ; ଏବଂ ଭୃଗୁଶ୍ରେଷ୍ଠ ଜମଦଗ୍ନି ସେ ଜ୍ଞାନକୁ ଧାରଣ କରିବେ।

Word by Word

• क्षत्रियाणाम्: of the Kshatriyas
• क्षत्रियाणाम्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• अभावाय: for destruction/non-existence
• अभावाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभाव
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• दैवयुक्तेन: with/through a divinely-ordained
• दैवयुक्तेन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दैवयुक्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• हेतुना: cause, reason
• हेतुना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेतु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सतुतम्: unclear (corrupt/uncertain reading)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतुत (पाठभेद/अस्पष्ट)

• प्रतिगृहौ: unclear (possibly 'both receivers/acceptors')
• प्रतिगृहौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिगृह (पाठभेद/अस्पष्ट)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative/Dual (uncertain), Dual

• पुत्रे: in/into the son
• पुत्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• संक्रामयिष्यति: will transfer/hand over
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+क्रम् (causative: संक्रामय-)
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यववन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyavavana
• Kshatriyas
• Dhanurveda
• Jamadagni
• Bhrigu lineage (Bhṛgus)
• tapas (austerity)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames the transfer of martial knowledge (Dhanurveda) within a moral universe where destiny (daiva) and human agency interact: even powerful skills are transmitted as part of a larger, fated unfolding, and the worthiness of the recipient is marked by inner purification through tapas.

What is happening in the narrative?

A speaker predicts that, for a divinely driven purpose—specifically the eventual destruction of the Kṣatriyas—someone will receive the Dhanurveda and pass it to his son Jamadagni, who, as a foremost Bhṛgu sage, will preserve and embody that martial knowledge.