Shloka 29

Śulka, Kanyā, and Dauhitra-Riktha: Discourse on Bride-Price and Inheritance Rights (शुल्क-कन्या-दौहित्र-रिक्थविचारः)

Devanagari script

सम्प्रदध्यौ तथा राजन्नग्नावग्निरिवाहित: । दहामानेन मनसा शापं श्रुत्वा तथाविधम्‌

Transliteration

sampradadhyau tathā rājann agnāv agnir ivāhitaḥ | dahamānena manasā śāpaṃ śrutvā tathāvidham ||

Translation

ଭୀଷ୍ମ କହିଲେ—ହେ ରାଜନ! ସେପରି ଶାପ ଶୁଣି ବିପୁଳ ପୁନର୍ବାର ଗଭୀର ଚିନ୍ତାରେ ଲୀନ ହେଲା—ଯେପରି ଗୋଟିଏ ଅଗ୍ନି ଉପରେ ଆଉ ଗୋଟିଏ ଅଗ୍ନି ରଖାଯାଇଥାଏ। ତାହାର ମନ ଆଉ ଅଧିକ ଦହିଉଠିଲା; ଅନ୍ତର୍ଶୋକର ଅଗ୍ନିରେ ଦଗ୍ଧ ହୋଇ ସେ ପୁନି ଚିନ୍ତା କଲା—ଏବେ କ’ଣ କରିବା ଉଚିତ।

Word by Word

• सम्प्रदध्यौ: he reflected/considered
• सम्प्रदध्यौ: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-प्र-धा (धातु √धा)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्सभूत), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम, एकवचनम्

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• तथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

• अग्नौ: in/into the fire
• अग्नौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्

• अग्निः: fire (another fire)
• अग्निः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• इव: as if, like
• इव: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• आहितः: placed, put (upon/into)
• आहितः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-धा (धातु √धा)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• दहामानेन: by/with (a) burning
• दहामानेन: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: दह् (धातु √दह्)
• Form: शानच् (present active participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचनम्

• मनसा: with the mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचनम्

• शापम्: curse
• शापम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाप
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु √श्रु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• तथा: thus, in that way
• तथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• विधम्: of such a kind
• विधम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• rājan (the king addressed, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
• śāpa (curse)
• agni (fire)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A harsh pronouncement (śāpa) can intensify inner suffering like fire added to fire; the ethical response is renewed reflection and discernment about one’s duty rather than impulsive reaction.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma describes a person who, upon hearing a severe curse directed at him, becomes inwardly inflamed with grief and anxiety and therefore turns back to serious deliberation about his next course of action.