Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 128 Shloka 22 - Mahabharata | Oriya | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 22

अध्याय १२८: शिव–उमा संवादः — तिलोत्तमा, श्मशान-मेध्यता, तथा चातुर्वर्ण्य-धर्मः

Chapter 128: Śiva–Umā Dialogue—Tilottamā, the Ritual Valence of the Śmaśāna, and the Fourfold Duty-Code

Devanagari script

(सुदुर्विनीत: पुत्रो वा जामाता वा प्रमार्जक: । दारा वा प्रतिकूलास्ते तेनासि हरिण: कृश: ।।

Transliteration

sudurvinītaḥ putro vā jāmātā vā pramārjakaḥ | dārā vā pratikūlāste tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

bhrātaro'tīva viṣamāḥ pitā vā kṣutkṣato mṛtaḥ | mātā jyeṣṭho gururvāpi tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

brāhmaṇo vā hato gaurvā brahmasvaṃ vā hṛtaṃ purā | devasvaṃ vādhikaṃ kāle tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

hṛtadāro'tha vṛddho vā loke dviṣṭo'tha vā naraiḥ | avijñānena vā vṛddhastenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

vārthakārthaṃ dhana dṛṣṭvā svāṃ śrīrvāpi paraiḥ hṛtā | vṛttirvā durjanāpekṣā tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

iṣṭabhāryasya te nūnaṃ prātiveśyo mahādhanaḥ | yuvā sulalitaḥ kāmī tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

Translation

ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣ କହିଲେ— “ସମ୍ଭବତଃ ତୁମ ପୁଅ ଦୁର୍ବିନୀତ; କିମ୍ବା ଜ୍ୱାଇଁ ଘରର ସମ୍ପତ୍ତିକୁ ‘ଝାଡ଼ୁ ମାରି’ ସବୁ ସଫା କରି ନେଇଯାଇଛି; କିମ୍ବା ତୁମ ସ୍ତ୍ରୀ ପ୍ରତିକୂଳ ସ୍ୱଭାବର—ତେଣୁ, ହେ ହରିଣ, ତୁମେ କୃଶ ଓ ଫିକା ହେଉଛ। କିମ୍ବା ତୁମ ଭାଇମାନେ ଅତ୍ୟନ୍ତ କୁଟିଳ; କିମ୍ବା ତୁମ ପିତା ଭୋକରେ କ୍ଷୀଣ ହୋଇ ମରିଗଲେ; କିମ୍ବା ମାତା, ଜ୍ୟେଷ୍ଠ ଭାଇ ଓ ଗୁରୁଜନ ମଧ୍ୟ ସେହିପରି ପରଲୋକଗତ—ତେଣୁ ତୁମେ କୃଶ ଓ ଫିକା। କିମ୍ବା ପୂର୍ବେ ତୁମେ କୌଣସି ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣ କିମ୍ବା ଗାଈକୁ ହତ୍ୟା କରିଥିଲ; କିମ୍ବା ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣ-ଧନ ହରଣ କରିଥିଲ; କିମ୍ବା କେତେବେଳେ ଦେବସ୍ୱକୁ ଅତିରିକ୍ତ ଭାବେ ନେଇଥିଲ—ତେଣୁ ତୁମେ କୃଶ ଓ ଫିକା। କିମ୍ବା ତୁମ ସ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଅପହୃତ; କିମ୍ବା ତୁମେ ବୃଦ୍ଧ; କିମ୍ବା ଲୋକେ ତୁମକୁ ଦ୍ୱେଷ କରୁଛନ୍ତି; କିମ୍ବା ଅଜ୍ଞାନରେ ତୁମେ ‘ବଢ଼ି’ ଯାଇଛ—ତେଣୁ ତୁମେ କୃଶ ଓ ଫିକା। କିମ୍ବା ବୃଦ୍ଧାବସ୍ଥା ପାଇଁ ସଞ୍ଚିତ ଧନ ଦେଖି ଅନ୍ୟେ ତୁମ ନିଜ ଶ୍ରୀ-ସମ୍ପତ୍ତି ଛିନିନେଇଛନ୍ତି; କିମ୍ବା ଜୀବିକା ପାଇଁ ଦୁଷ୍ଟମାନଙ୍କ ଉପରେ ନିର୍ଭର କରିବାକୁ ପଡ଼ୁଛି—ତେଣୁ ତୁମେ କୃଶ ଓ ଫିକା। କିମ୍ବା ନିଶ୍ଚୟ, ତୁମ ପ୍ରିୟା ସ୍ତ୍ରୀ ଥିବାରୁ ତୁମ ପଡ଼ୋଶରେ ଜଣେ ମହାଧନୀ—ଯୁବା, ସୁନ୍ଦର ଓ କାମୀ—ବସୁଛନ୍ତି; ତେଣୁ, ହେ ହରିଣ, ତୁମେ କୃଶ ଓ ଫିକା।”

Word by Word

सुदुर्विनीतःvery ill-disciplined

पुत्रःson

वाor

जामाताson-in-law

वाor

प्रमार्जकःone who cleans/sweeps (i.e., one who wipes out/appropriates)

दाराःwife (lit. wives; used for spouse)

वाor

प्रतिकूलाःhostile, adverse

तेthey (those of yours)

तेनby that, because of that

असिyou are

हरिणःpale/yellowish (lit. deer-colored)

कृशःthin, emaciated

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

brāhmaṇa (speaker)

putra (son)

jāmātā (son-in-law)

dārā/bhāryā (wife)

bhrātaraḥ (brothers)

pitā (father)

mātā (mother)

jyeṣṭha (elder brother)

guru (teachers/elders)

brāhmaṇa (as potential victim)

gauḥ (cow)

brahmasvam (Brahmin-property)

devasvam (property of the gods)

prātiveśya (neighbor)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The passage probes the moral and social causes behind a person’s visible decline: domestic disorder, dependence on the wicked, social hatred, and especially grave transgressions like harming a Brahmin or cow or stealing sacred property. It implies that inner ethical failure and unresolved wrongdoing manifest outwardly as anxiety, loss of vitality, and misfortune.

What is happening in the narrative?

A Brahmin addresses a man who appears emaciated and pale, offering a series of possible explanations—ranging from family troubles and bereavement to theft, abduction, old age, social enmity, and serious sins. The repeated refrain ‘therefore you are thin and pale’ functions as a diagnostic, pressing the listener toward self-examination and confession of the true cause.