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Shloka 15

Sāma (Sāntva) and Dāna: The Brāhmaṇa’s Conciliatory Release from a Rākṣasa

“दान देनेवालेको जो पुण्य होता है, वही दान लेनेवालेको भी (यदि वह योग्य अधिकारी है तो) होता है। (क्योंकि दोनों एक दूसरेके उपकारक होते हैं) एक पहियेसे गाड़ी नहीं चलती--प्रतिग्रहीताके बिना दाताका दान सफल नहीं हो सकता।' ऐसी ऋषियोंकी मान्यता है ।।

maitreya uvāca | dāna-dene-vāle ko yo puṇya hotā hai, vahī dāna-lene-vāle ko bhī (yadi vaha yogya adhikārī hai to) hotā hai | (kyoṅki donoṅ eka dūsare ke upakāraka hote haiṅ) eka pahiyā se gāṛī nahīṅ calatī—pratigrahītā ke binā dātā kā dāna saphal nahīṅ ho sakatā | iti ṛṣīṇāṃ mānyatā | yatra vai brāhmaṇāḥ santi śrutavṛttopasaṃhitāḥ | tatra dānaphala-puṇyam iha cāmutra ca āśnute |

ମୈତ୍ରେୟ କହିଲେ—ଦାନଦାତାଙ୍କୁ ଯେ ପୁଣ୍ୟ ମିଳେ, ସେହି ପୁଣ୍ୟ ଦାନଗ୍ରାହୀଙ୍କୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ମିଳେ—ଯଦି ସେ ଯୋଗ୍ୟ ପାତ୍ର ହୁଅନ୍ତି। କାରଣ ଉଭୟେ ପରସ୍ପରଙ୍କ ଉପକାରକ। ଗୋଟିଏ ଚକାରେ ଗାଡ଼ି ଚାଲେ ନାହିଁ; ଗ୍ରାହୀ ବିନା ଦାତାଙ୍କ ଦାନ ସଫଳ ହୁଏ ନାହିଁ—ଏହା ଋଷିମାନଙ୍କ ମତ। ଯେଉଁଠାରେ ଶ୍ରୁତି-ସମ୍ପନ୍ନ ଓ ସଦାଚାରୀ ବ୍ରାହ୍ମଣମାନେ ବସନ୍ତି, ସେଠାରେ ଦାନର ପୁଣ୍ୟଫଳକୁ ମନୁଷ୍ୟ ଇହଲୋକ ଓ ପରଲୋକ—ଦୁହିଁଠାରେ ଭୋଗ କରେ।

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सन्तिare / exist
सन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
श्रुतlearned (in sacred learning), heard/known
श्रुत:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रु
FormPast passive participle (kta), Neuter (as compound member), —, —
वृत्तconduct, behavior
वृत्त:
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter (as compound member), —, —
उपसंहिताःendowed with / possessed of
उपसंहिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउपसंहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (kta) from उप-सम्-धा/हिता (in sense 'endowed/possessed')
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
दानफलपुण्यम्the merit that is the fruit of giving
दानफलपुण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान-फल-पुण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अमुत्रthere (in the other world)
अमुत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअमुत्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्नुतेenjoys, partakes of
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

मैत्रेय उवाच

M
Maitreya
R
Rishis
B
Brahmanas
D
Donor (dātā)
R
Recipient (pratigrahītā)

Educational Q&A

Charity becomes fully fruitful only when there is a worthy recipient; merit belongs not only to the giver but also to the qualified receiver, because both cooperate in completing the act of dharma.

Maitreya articulates a dharma-teaching on dāna: the sages’ doctrine that giving requires proper acceptance, and that gifts offered where learned, well-conducted Brāhmaṇas reside yield merit enjoyed in both this life and the next.