Mantra 2
Sukta 54
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
कालेन वातः पवते कालेन पृथिवी मही। द्यौर्मही काल आहिता
IAST Transliteration
kāléna vā́taḥ pavate kāléna pṛthivī́ mahī́ | dyáur mahī́ kālé ā́hitā ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
By Time the Wind bloweth; by Time the mighty Earth (endureth). Great Heaven is in Time established.
Translation
କାଳ ଦ୍ୱାରା ବାତାସ ବହେ; କାଳ ଦ୍ୱାରା ମହା ପୃଥିବୀ ଟିକି ରହେ। ମହା ଦ୍ୟୌଃ (ଆକାଶ/ସ୍ୱର୍ଗ) କାଳରେ ସ୍ଥାପିତ।
Word by Word
कालेनin/at (the) time; by time
कालेन:
अधिकारण (काल-अधिकारण; ‘समये/काले’)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
वातःwind
वातः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवात (प्रातिपदिक)
पवतेblows; flows; purifies/moves
पवते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पू (पूञ्) / √पु (पवते इति; धातु: ‘शुद्धौ/प्रवहणे’)
कालेनin/at (the) time; by time
कालेन:
अधिकारण (काल-अधिकारण)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
पृथिवीthe earth
पृथिवी:
कर्तृ (अस्ति/भवति-प्रत्ययार्थे; ‘पृथिवी (अस्ति)’)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
महीgreat; vast
मही:
कर्तृ-सम्बद्ध (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक; ‘मह्’ से)
द्यौःheaven; sky
द्यौः:
कर्तृ (अस्ति/भवति-प्रत्ययार्थे; ‘द्यौः (अस्ति)’)
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)
महीgreat; vast
मही:
कर्तृ-सम्बद्ध (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक)
कालःTime
कालः:
कर्तृ (आहितः इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
आहितःplaced; established; set
आहितः:
कर्तृ-सम्बद्ध (विशेषण/विधेय)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootआ-√धा (धाञ्) → आहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: Late Atharvanic attribution; variable.
Devata: Kāla (with Vāta, Pṛthivī, Dyaus as governed domains).
Chandas: Likely Anuṣṭubh (short final pāda; late style).
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":null,"emotional_arc":"Agitation acknowledged (wind) → grounding (earth) → spacious reassurance (heaven).","listener_experience":"Settling, heaviness in a good sense, steadier breath.","intensity":3}