Atharva Veda 18.2.4: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 4

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

मैन॑मग्ने॒ वि द॑हो॒ माभि शू॑शुचो॒ मास्य॒ त्वचं॑ चिक्षिपो॒ मा शरी॑रम्। शृ॒तं य॒दा कर॑सि जातवे॒दोऽथे॑मेनं॒ प्र हि॑णुतात् पि॒तॄँरुप॑

IAST Transliteration

mā́ enam agne ví dahaḥ mā́bhi śū́śuco mā́sya tvácaṃ cikṣipo mā́ śarī́ram | śrutáṃ yadā́ kárasi jātavedo 'thém enaṃ prá hiṇutāt pitṝ́m úpa

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Burn him not utterly, O Agni; scorch him not too fiercely; strip not away his skin, nor rend his frame. When thou hast made him duly roasted, O Jātavedas, then send him forth unto the Fathers, to draw nigh.

Translation

ହେ ଅଗ୍ନି! ଏହାକୁ ସମ୍ପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଭାବେ ଜଳାଇ ଦିଅନି; ଅତ୍ୟଧିକ ଭାବେ ଦହନ କରନି। ଏହାର ଚର୍ମ ଖସାଇ ଦିଅନି; ଏହାର ଶରୀରକୁ ଫାଡ଼ି ଦିଅନି। ହେ ଜାତବେଦସ! ଯେତେବେଳେ ତୁ ଏହାକୁ ଯଥାବିଧି ଶୃତ (ସଂସ୍କାର କରି/ଭଜି ପ୍ରସ୍ତୁତ) କରିଦେବୁ, ସେତେବେଳେ ଏହାକୁ ପିତୃମାନଙ୍କ ପାଖକୁ ପଠା—ଯେପରି ସେ ତାଙ୍କ ନିକଟକୁ ଯାଉ।

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Word by Word

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) अव्यय

• एनम्: him/this one
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sampradāna (आह्वान/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, asunder; intensively
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• दहः: burn
• दहः: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: दह् (धातु)

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) अव्यय

• अभि: towards, upon
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• शूशुचः: blaze up, scorch
• शूशुचः: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुच् (धातु) [शूशुच् = तीव्र/पुनरुक्त-रूप]

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) अव्यय

• अस्य: of him
• अस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्वचम्: skin
• त्वचम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वच् (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• चिक्षिपः: throw away, scatter
• चिक्षिपः: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षिप् (धातु) [चि-क्षिप् = पुनरुक्त/तीव्र-रूप]

• मा: do not
• मा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध) अव्यय

• शरीरम्: body
• शरीरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरीर (प्रातिपदिक)

• शृतम्: cooked/boiled (i.e., duly prepared)
• शृतम्: Karma
• Type: Participle
• Root: श्रि/श्र॑ (धातु) → शृत (कृदन्त) [= पक्व/शृत]

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikaraṇa (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)

• करसि: you make/do
• करसि: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• जातवेदः: O Jātavedas (Agni)
• जातवेदः: Sampradāna (आह्वान/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: जातवेदस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथ: then
• अथ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)

• इमेनम्: this one, him
• इमेनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + एनम्

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• हिṇुतात्: let (him/it) drive/send
• हिṇुतात्: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: हि (धातु) / हिणु (प्रेरणे)

• पितॄन्: the Fathers/ancestors
• पितॄन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• उप: towards, near
• उप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally Atharvanic/Aṅgirasa funerary seers (book-level attribution; verse-specific r̥ṣi varies by anukramaṇī)

Devata: Agni Jātavedas; Pitṛs as destination

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like cadence (funerary register; confirm by pada count in critical edition)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: karuna

Secondary: shanta