Shloka 14

Pitṛbhakti and Śrāddha: The Classification of Pitṛs and the Superiority of Pitṛ-kārya

Devanagari script

तेषां पथि क्षुधार्तानां बाल्यान्मोहाच्च भारत । क्रूरा बुद्धिस्समुत्पन्ना तां गां तै हिंसितुं तदा

Transliteration

teṣāṃ pathi kṣudhārtānāṃ bālyānmohācca bhārata | krūrā buddhissamutpannā tāṃ gāṃ tai hiṃsituṃ tadā

Translation

အို ဘာရတ၊ လမ်းခရီးတွင် ဆာလောင်မှုကြောင့် ပင်ပန်းနာကျင်ကာ ကလေးဆန်သော မောဟကြောင့် မျက်ကွယ်နေစဉ်၊ ထိုနွားကို ထိခိုက်စေလိုသော ကြမ်းတမ်းသည့် အကြံအစည်သည် သူတို့အတွင်း၌ ထိုအခါ ပေါ်ပေါက်လာ၏။

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (genitive), बहुवचन

• पथि: on the road
• पथि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pathin (पथिन्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (locative), एकवचन

• क्षुधार्तानाम्: of those afflicted by hunger
• क्षुधार्तानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣudhā+ārta (क्षुधा-प्रातिपदिक + आर्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: क्षुधया आर्ताः; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; विशेषण (to तेषाम्)

• बाल्यात्: from childishness
• बाल्यात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bālya (बाल्य-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (ablative), एकवचन

• मोहात्: from delusion
• मोहात्: Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: moha (मोह-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (च-अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• भारत: O Bhārata
• भारत: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhārata (भारत-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग

• क्रूरा: cruel
• क्रूरा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krūra (क्रूर-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (to बुद्धिः)

• बुद्धिः: intention, thought
• बुद्धिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (बुद्धि-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• समुत्पन्ना: arose, sprang up
• समुत्पन्ना: Kriya-visheshana (विधेयविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+उत्+पद् (पद्-धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्यय (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपसर्ग: सम्-, उत्-; predicate adjective to 'बुद्धिः'

• ताम्: that (her)
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• गाम्: cow
• गाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: go (गो-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

• हिंसितुम्: to harm
• हिंसितुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hiṃs (हिंस्-धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त: तुमुन्-प्रत्यय (infinitive), अव्ययभाव; अर्थ: 'to harm/kill'

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (तदा-अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक

Speaker

Suta Goswami (narrating to the sages, addressing a listener as 'Bhārata' within the story-frame)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Durgā

Role: protective

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It shows how hunger and moha (delusion) can awaken krūra-buddhi (cruel resolve), binding the jīva in pāśa (bondage) and producing heavy karma; Shaiva teaching urges restraint and dharmic compassion to move toward Shiva’s grace.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

In the Shiva Purana’s devotional frame, Saguna Shiva (worshipped as the Linga) is approached through purity of conduct; abandoning हिंसा (harm) and cruel intention is part of preparing the mind for Linga-upāsanā and receiving Shiva’s anugraha (grace).

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to counter cruel impulses with japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and cultivate ahimsa as a vrata; this aligns the mind toward sattva and supports steady devotion.