Shloka 71

Kālajñāna (Knowledge of Time) and Mṛtyu-cihna (Signs of Death): Śiva’s Instruction to Umā

Devanagari script

एकत्रिंशद्यदा देवि वहते च निरंतरम् । दिनत्रयं तदा तस्य जीवितं हि न संशयः

Transliteration

ekatriṃśadyadā devi vahate ca niraṃtaram | dinatrayaṃ tadā tasya jīvitaṃ hi na saṃśayaḥ

Translation

အို ဒေဝီ၊ သုံးဆယ့်တစ် (ယူနစ်) ဖြင့် မပြတ်တောက်ဘဲ ဆက်လက်စီးဆင်းနေသော် ထိုသူ၏ အသက်သည် သုံးရက်သာ ကျန်တော့သည်ဟု မသံသယရှိပါ။

Word by Word

• एकत्रिंशत्: thirty-one
• एकत्रिंशत्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकत्रिंशत् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् संख्या (numeral used as qualifier); ‘(दिनानि) एकत्रिंशत्’ इत्यर्थे

• यदा: when
• यदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb/conjunction)

• देवि: O Goddess
• देवि: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन (Singular)

• वहते: flows / continues
• वहते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• निरन्तरम्: continuously
• निरन्तरम्: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: निरन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• दिनत्रयम्: three days
• दिनत्रयम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिनत्रय (प्रातिपदिक: दिन + त्रय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular); कालपरिमाणम्

• तदा: then
• तदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• तस्य: of him/that person
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular)

• जीवितम्: life / survival
• जीवितम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जीवित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन (Singular)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis/indeed)

• न: not
• न: Nipāta (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• संशयः: doubt
• संशयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Lord Shiva

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

Characters & Entities

• Parvati
• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches vairāgya (detachment) and urgency: recognizing life’s fragility, the seeker should turn the mind to Pati (Shiva), loosen the bonds (pāśa), and pursue steady remembrance and surrender.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Such warnings are meant to redirect one toward Saguna Shiva worship—Linga-darśana, abhiṣeka, and japa—so the mind rests on Shiva’s compassionate form rather than fear, aligning the soul toward grace at the end of life.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Adopt daily Panchākṣarī japa (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), Tripuṇḍra-bhasma with Rudrākṣa if available, and focused remembrance of Shiva (dhyāna) as a practical preparation for impermanence.