Rig Veda 9.45.3: Mandala 9, Sukta 45, Mantra 3

Sukta 9.45

Rishi: Ascription varies; verify RV 9.45.3 in Anukramaṇī.

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Chandas: To be verified for RV 9.45.3.

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उत त्वामरुणं वयं गोभिरञ्ज्मो मदाय कम् । वि नो राये दुरो वृधि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 9.45.3

Transliteration

utá tvām aruṇáṃ vayáṃ góbhir añjmó mádāya kám | ví no rāyé dúro vṛdhi ||

Translation

And you, the ruddy-flaming one, we anoint with rays of light for the ecstasy; open out for us the doors of spiritual richness, widen the passages by which the plenty enters.

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Word by Word

• उत: and, also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• त्वाम्: you (as object)
• त्वाम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्

• अरुणम्: ruddy, tawny, red(-hued)
• अरुणम्: कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: कर्ता
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• गोभिः: with cows; with cattle (as means/wealth)
• गोभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• अञ्ज्मः: we anoint/adorn
• अञ्ज्मः: क्रिया (कर्ता = वयम्; कर्म = त्वाम्)
• Type: Verb (finite, Vedic injunctive) / archaic form
• Root: अञ्ज् (धातु) → अञ्ज्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘anointing/adorning’)

• मदाय: for exhilaration; for intoxication/rapture
• मदाय: सम्प्रदान (प्रयोजनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)

• कम्: indeed; how/what (idiomatic intensifier)
• कम्: —
• Type: Pronoun (indefinite/interrogative used idiomatically)
• Root: क (प्रश्न/अनिर्दिष्ट सर्वनाम; वैदिके ‘कं’ इति नपुंसक एकवचन)

• वि: forth, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• नः: to us; for us
• नः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्

• राये: for wealth
• राये: सम्प्रदान (प्रयोजनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/राय (प्रातिपदिक ‘wealth’)

• दुरः: doors, gates
• दुरः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्/द्वार् (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक रूप ‘दुरः’ = ‘doors/gates’)

• वृधि: increase; make (them) grow/open
• वृधि: क्रिया (आज्ञा); कर्म = दुरः; सम्प्रदान = नः/राये
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)