Ramayana — Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 20

वानरसेनामिलनम् / The Mustering of the Vanara Hosts

Devanagari script

ऋक्षाणां भीमवेगानां धूम्रश्शत्रुनिबर्हणः।वृतः कोटिसहस्राभ्यां द्वाभ्यां समभिवर्तत।।4.39.20।।

Transliteration

ṛkṣāṇāṁ bhīma-vegānāṁ dhūmraḥ śatru-nibarhaṇaḥ |

vṛtaḥ koṭi-sahasrābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ samabhivartata || 4.39.20 ||

Translation

ထို့နောက် ရန်သူဖျက်ဆီးသူ ဓူမ္ရသည် ကြောက်မက်ဖွယ် အမြန်နှုန်းရှိသော ဝက်ဝံတပ် နှစ်ကောဋိ-သဟသ္ရ ဝိုင်းရံလျက် ချဉ်းကပ်လာ၏။

Word by Word

• ऋक्षाणाम्: of bears
• ऋक्षाणाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• भीमवेगानाम्: of those with fearsome speed
• भीमवेगानाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भीम + वेग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (adjectival) ऋक्षाणाम्; समासः—भीमः वेगः येषां ते (कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीह्यर्थसन्निकर्षः)

• धूम्रः: Dhūmra
• धूम्रः: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धूम्र (प्रातिपदिक, नाम/विशेषण)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम (Dhumra)

• शत्रुनिबर्हणः: destroyer of enemies
• शत्रुनिबर्हणः: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शत्रु + निबर्हण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—शत्रूणां निबर्हणः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• वृतः: surrounded
• वृतः: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'surrounded'

• कोटिसहस्राभ्याम्: by two thousand-crores
• कोटिसहस्राभ्याम्: करण (Karaṇa/करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोटि + सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), द्विवचन (Dual); द्विगु-समासः—कोटीनां सहस्रे (two 'thousand-crores')

• द्वाभ्याम्: by two
• द्वाभ्याम्: करण (Karaṇa/करणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्वि (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; संख्यावाचक विशेषण (numeral adjective) कोटिसहस्राभ्याम् इत्यस्य

• समभिवर्तत: approached/arrived
• समभिवर्तत: क्रिया (Verb/आख्यात)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + अभि + √वृत् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; अर्थः—'came up/approached/arrived'

Context

Dhumra, destroyer of enemies, came next followed by two thousand crore of bears of terrible speed.

Characters & Entities

• Dhūmra
• Ṛkṣa (bears)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as collective responsibility—leaders and communities assemble to support a righteous cause (helping Rāma in the search for Sītā and opposing adharma).

What is the narrative situation?

A description of the arriving contingents: Dhūmra appears with a massive force of swift bears as the allied host gathers.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Śaurya and saṅgha-śakti—courage and organized strength under a capable leader.