Shloka 22

किष्किन्धायां सुग्रीवस्य नादः

Sugriva’s War-Cry at Kishkindha

Devanagari script

ततस्सजीमूतगणप्रणादोनादं ह्यमुञ्चत्त्वरया प्रतीतः।सूर्यात्मजश्शौर्यविवृद्धतेजाःसरित्पतिर्वाऽनिलचञ्चलोर्मिः4.14.22।।

Transliteration

tatas sajīmūtagaṇapraṇādo nādaṁ hy amuñcat tvarayā pratītaḥ |

sūryātmajaḥ śauryavivṛddhatejāḥ saritpatir vā’nilacañcalormiḥ || 4.14.22 ||

Translation

ထို့နောက် နေမင်း၏သားတော်—သတ္တိကြောင့် တေဇောဓာတ် ပိုမိုတောက်ပလာသူ—လျင်မြန်စွာ ရွေ့လျားကာ မိုးတိမ်အစုအဝေး၏ မိုးကြိုးသံကဲ့သို့ ဟိန်းဟောက်သံကို ထုတ်လွှတ်၏။ ထိုသံသည်လည်း လေကြောင့် လှိုင်းများ မငြိမ်မသက်ဖြစ်သော မြစ်တို့၏အရှင် သမုဒ္ဒရာ၏ ဆူညံသံနှင့်တူ၏။

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: काल/क्रम-वाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• स-जीमूत-गण-प्रणादः: the cloud-mass thunder (roar)
• स-जीमूत-गण-प्रणादः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्ग-सदृश) + जीमूत (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रणाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative): जीमूतगणस्य प्रणादः (roar of a mass of clouds); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नादम्: a sound/roar
• नादम्: कर्म (Karma/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: सम्बन्ध (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphasis)

• अमुञ्चत्: released/uttered
• अमुञ्चत्: क्रिया (Verb action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past/लङ्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• त्वरया: with haste
• त्वरया: करण (Instrument/means; 'with haste')
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वरा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रतीतः: having arisen/manifest
• प्रतीतः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रति-इ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP used adjectivally), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थः: 'प्राप्त/उदित/प्रकट' (manifest/arrived)

• सूर्यात्मजः: the Sun's son (Sugriva)
• सूर्यात्मजः: कर्ता (Karta)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: सूर्यस्य आत्मजः; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शौर्य-विवृद्ध-तेजाः: whose splendour is increased by valour
• शौर्य-विवृद्ध-तेजाः: कर्तृ-विशेषण (qualifier of सूर्यात्मजः)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शौर्य (प्रातिपदिक) + विवृद्ध (√वृध् + क्त) + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-समास (descriptive): शौर्येण विवृद्धं तेजः यस्य; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सरित्पतिः: lord of rivers (ocean)
• सरित्पतिः: उपमान (Upamāna; 'like the lord of rivers')
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरित् (प्रातिपदिक) + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: सरितां पतिḥ; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• वा: or/like
• वा: सम्बन्ध (alternative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक निपात (disjunctive particle)

• अनिल-चञ्चल-ऊर्मिः: a wave made restless by wind
• अनिल-चञ्चल-ऊर्मिः: उपमान (Upamāna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिल (प्रातिपदिक) + चञ्चल (प्रातिपदिक) + ऊर्मि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (descriptive): अनिलेन चञ्चला ऊर्मिः; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

'We have arrived at Kishkinda, the capital of Vali, decorated with flags and having a glittering golden archway that can be opened mechanically. Teeming with monkeys, it looks like a snare to catch the enemy.

Characters & Entities

• Sugriva
• clouds (jīmūta-gaṇa)
• wind (anila)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse portrays valor as a force that amplifies one’s ‘tejas’ (moral-spiritual radiance); in dharmic terms, power gains legitimacy when linked to righteous purpose rather than mere domination.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugriva surges forward with speed and a cloud-like roar, bringing the sarga to a climactic close as the confrontation is set in motion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tejas joined with śaurya—radiant courage and spirited resolve, presented as the energy needed to face injustice.