Shloka 1

जनकदूतागमनम्

The Arrival of Janaka’s Messengers in Ayodhya

Devanagari script

जनकेन समादिष्टा दूतास्ते क्लान्तवाहना:।त्रिरात्रमुषिता मार्गे तेऽयोध्यां प्राविशन् पुरीम्।।1.68.1।।

Transliteration

janakena samādiṣṭā dūtās te klāntavāhanāḥ | trirātram uṣitā mārge te 'yodhyāṃ prāviśan purīm ||

Translation

ဇနက၏ အမိန့်အရ စေတမန်တို့သည် စီးနင်းသည့်တိရစ္ဆာန်များ ပင်ပန်းနွမ်းနယ်နေသဖြင့် လမ်းခရီးတွင် သုံးညတိုင်တိုင် နေထိုင်ပြီးနောက် အယောဓျာ မြို့တော်သို့ ဝင်ရောက်ကြလေ၏။

Word by Word

• जनकेन: by Janaka
• जनकेन: Karana (करण/agent-instrument; by whom commanded)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/instrumental), एकवचन

• समादिष्टाः: commanded
• समादिष्टाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-आ-√दिश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; दूताः इति विशेषणम्

• दूताः: messengers
• दूताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन (सर्वनाम)

• क्लान्त-वाहनाः: with tired mounts
• क्लान्त-वाहनाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्लान्त (कृदन्त; √क्लम् श्रमे) + वाहन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समासः (क्लान्तानि वाहनानि येषां = whose mounts were tired); ते/दूताः इति विशेषणम्

• त्रि-रात्रम्: for three nights
• त्रि-रात्रम्: Kala (काल/duration)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + रात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (three nights)

• उषिताः: having stayed
• उषिताः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वस् (धातु; निवासे) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP used predicatively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘having stayed’

• मार्गे: on the way
• मार्गे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/locative), एकवचन

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• अयोध्याम्: Ayodhyā
• अयोध्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/goal-place)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयोध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (गन्तव्य-देशः)

• प्राविशन्: entered
• प्राविशन्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√विश् (धातु; प्रवेशने)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• पुरीम्: the city
• पुरीम्: Karma (कर्म/object of entering)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Context

Commanded by Janaka the messengers travelled for three days, rested for three nights on the way and entered the city of Ayodhya along with their horses tired.

Characters & Entities

• Janaka
• dūta (messengers)
• Ayodhyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is faithful execution of entrusted duty: the messengers endure travel hardship to deliver their king’s message accurately and promptly.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāma’s success in Mithilā, Janaka dispatches messengers to Ayodhyā; they arrive after a multi-night journey.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reliability and perseverance in service—qualities expected in royal envoys acting under dharma and protocol.