Shloka 21

अयोध्यावर्णनम्

Description of Ayodhya under Daśaratha

Devanagari script

योधानामग्निकल्पानां पेशलानाममर्षिणाम् ।सम्पूर्णा कृतविद्यानां गुहा केसरिणामिव ।।1.6.21।।

Transliteration

yodhānām agnikalpānāṃ peśalānām amarṣiṇām |

sampūrṇā kṛtavidyānāṃ guhā kesariṇām iva || 1.6.21 ||

Translation

ထိုမြို့သည် မီးကဲ့သို့ အင်အားပြင်းထန်သော စစ်သူရဲများ၊ ကျွမ်းကျင်သိမ်မွေ့၍ မလျော့မနည်း သတ္တိခိုင်မာသူများ၊ ပညာရပ်အတတ်ပညာတို့ကို ပြည့်စုံစွာ လေ့ကျင့်ပြီးသူများဖြင့် ပြည့်နှက်နေ၍—တောင်ဂူတစ်ခု၌ ခြင်္သေ့များ ပြည့်နေသကဲ့သို့ ဖြစ်၏။

Word by Word

• योधानाम्: of warriors
• योधानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (genitive: ‘of’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), बहुवचन

• अग्निकल्पानाम्: of those like fire
• अग्निकल्पानाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of योधानाम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अग्नि + कल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘अग्निरिव कल्पः’ = fire-like

• पेशलानाम्: of skilled/excellent ones
• पेशलानाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of योधानाम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पेशल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• अमर्षिणाम्: of the fierce/unyielding
• अमर्षिणाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of योधानाम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमर्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘not enduring insult; impatient (in battle)’

• सम्पूर्णा: filled; full
• सम्पूर्णा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa / Predicate (विधेय) of गुहा
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + पूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective

• कृतविद्यानाम्: of those accomplished in learning
• कृतविद्यानाम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of योधानाम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत + विद्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘कृता विद्या येषाम्’ (sense close to bahuvrīhi, but used as genitive qualifier)

• गुहा: a cave
• गुहा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुहा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• केसरिणाम्: of lions
• केसरिणाम्: Upamāna-sambandha (उपमान-सम्बन्ध) with इव
• Type: Noun
• Root: केसरिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• इव: like
• इव: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (particle of comparison)

Context

It abounded with warriors, like a cave with lions. They were almost like flaming fire, the most determined among experts and accomplished in learning (the science of arms).

Characters & Entities

• Ayodhyā
• warriors (yodhāḥ)
• lions (kesarin)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here appears as social protection: disciplined, well-trained defenders are part of righteous order, ensuring safety so that citizens can live and pursue lawful duties.

What is the narrative situation?

The poet depicts Ayodhyā’s strength by describing its abundance of elite warriors, reinforcing the city’s stability under Daśaratha.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Professional excellence joined with steadfastness: the warriors are portrayed as peśala (highly skilled) and amarṣin (unyielding), indicating disciplined courage in defense of the realm.