HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 6Shloka 19
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Shloka 19

अयोध्यावर्णनम्

Description of Ayodhya under Daśaratha

क्षत्रं ब्रह्ममुखं चासीद्वैश्या: क्षत्रमनुव्रता: ।शूद्रास्स्वधर्मनिरतास्त्रीन्वर्णानुपचारिण: ।।1.6.19।।

kṣatraṁ brahmamukhaṁ cāsīd vaiśyāḥ kṣatram anuvratāḥ |

śūdrāḥ svadharmaniratās trīn varṇān upacāriṇaḥ ||1.6.19||

ခတ္တိယဝဏ္ဏာသည် ဘြာဟ္မဏတို့၏ ဦးဆောင်ညွှန်ကြားမှုအောက်၌ ရှိ၏။ ဝိသျာတို့သည် ခတ္တိယတို့ကို လိုက်နာကြ၏။ သုဒ္ဒရတို့သည် မိမိတို့၏ သွဝဓမ္မ၌ တည်ကြည်ကာ အခြားဝဏ္ဏာသုံးပါးကို အလုပ်အကိုင်ဖြင့် ကူညီဝန်ဆောင်ကြ၏။

क्षत्रम्the kṣatriya order / royal power
क्षत्रम्:
Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate-nominative (विशेष्य-निर्देश)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; here as predicate nominative/accusative-like neuter usage
ब्रह्ममुखम्with Brahmins as the foremost; Brahmin-led
ब्रह्ममुखम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of क्षत्रम्
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्म + मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘ब्रह्मणः मुखम्’ = having Brahmins as the foremost/at the head
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; parasmaipada
वैश्याःthe vaiśyas (merchants)
वैश्याः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (जातिवाचक), प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन
क्षत्रम्the kṣatriya order
क्षत्रम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन
अनुव्रताःfollowing; devoted to
अनुव्रताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of वैश्याः
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘following/obedient’
शूद्राःthe śūdras
शूद्राः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (जातिवाचक), प्रथमा, बहुवचन
स्वधर्मनिरताःengaged in their own duties
स्वधर्मनिरताः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of शूद्राः
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व + धर्म + निरत (प्रातिपदिक; निरत as adjectival)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘स्वस्य धर्मे निरताः’ = engaged in their own duty
त्रीन्three
त्रीन्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of वर्णान्
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (numeral)
वर्णान्castes/classes
वर्णान्:
Karma (कर्म) (object of implied ‘serve/attend’)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
उपचारिणःserving; attending upon
उपचारिणः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of शूद्राः
TypeAdjective
Rootउप + चरिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agent-noun/adjective ‘attending/serving’

The kshatriyas were obedient to brahmins and vaisyas followed kshatriyas. Sudras assisted the three castes and all were fully occupied in their respective professions.

A
Ayodhyā
B
Brāhmaṇas
K
Kṣatriyas

FAQs

Svadharma and social coordination: each group performs its role, and governance is aligned with ethical counsel, producing stability.

The narrator summarizes the harmonious functioning of social groups in Ayodhyā, portraying an ordered society.

Role-ethics and disciplined cooperation—obedience to rightful guidance and commitment to one’s duties.