Shloka 6

गङ्गावतरण-समापनः

Conclusion of the Descent of Gaṅgā

Devanagari script

गङ्गा त्रिपथगा राजन् दिव्या भागीरथीति च।त्रीन् पथो भावयन्तीति ततस्त्रिपथगा स्मृता।।1.44.6।।

Transliteration

gaṅgā tripathagā rājan divyā bhāgīrathī iti ca | trīn patho bhāvayantī iti tatas tripathagā smṛtā || 1.44.6 ||

Translation

အို ဘုရင်မင်းမြတ်ရေ! ဒိဗ္ဗဂင်္ဂါကို ‘ဘ္ဟာဂီရထီ’ ဟူ၍လည်း၊ ‘ထရိပထဂါ’ ဟူ၍လည်း ခေါ်ကြ၏။ သုံးလောက—သုံးလမ်းကြောင်း—ကို သန့်စင်ပေးသောကြောင့် ‘ထရိပထဂါ’ ဟူ၍ မှတ်မိကြသည်။

Word by Word

• गङ्गा: Ganga
• गङ्गा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• त्रिपथगा: Tripathaga (moving in three courses)
• त्रिपथगा: Apposition (समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + पथ (प्रातिपदिक) + ग (√गम्; ग-प्रत्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (sense: 'going in three paths'); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम (epithet)

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• दिव्या: divine
• दिव्या: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying gaṅgā)

• भागीरथी: Bhagirathi
• भागीरथी: Apposition (समनाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भागीरथी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• इति: thus
• इति: Vākyārtha-marker (वाक्यार्थसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/इत्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative: 'thus')

• च: also
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• त्रीन्: three
• त्रीन्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Quantifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; संख्या-विशेषण

• पथः: paths
• पथः: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथिन्/पथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (Vedic/epic alternation: pathaḥ for acc.pl.); कर्म

• भावयन्ती: purifying, causing to be
• भावयन्ती: Karta (कर्ता; participial predicate of gaṅgā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भावय् (धातु; √भू causative)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'making/purifying'

• इति: thus
• इति: Vākyārtha-marker (वाक्यार्थसूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतुवाचक-उद्धरणसूचक (thus, as said)

• ततः: therefore
• ततः: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतुवाचक-अव्यय (therefore/from that)

• त्रिपथगा: Tripathaga
• त्रिपथगा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject of smṛtā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिपथगा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्मृता: is known/called
• स्मृता: Kriyā (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु; √स्मृ)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle, passive: 'is called/remembered'); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

O Lord of men! O King! you may offer the waters of Ganga here to all your ancestors and thereby fulfil your vow.

Characters & Entities

• Gaṅgā
• Bhāgīrathī

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is linked with purification and uplift across realms: the sacred is that which benefits broadly (not privately), symbolized by Gaṅgā’s reach through ‘three paths’.

What is the narrative situation?

The speaker explains Gaṅgā’s epithets and the rationale behind the title Tripathagā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Loka-saṅgraha (holding the world together): the divine function of sustaining and purifying life in multiple spheres.