Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 30

गङ्गावतरणम्

The Descent of the Gaṅgā and Bhagiratha’s Fulfilment

Devanagari script

भगीरथोऽपि राजार्षिर्दिव्यं स्यन्दनमास्थित:।प्रायादग्रे महातेजास्तं गङ्गा पृष्ठतोऽन्वगात्।।।

Transliteration

bhagīratho 'pi rājārṣir divyaṃ syandanam āsthitaḥ | prāyād agre mahā-tejās taṃ gaṅgā pṛṣṭhato 'nvagāt ||

Translation

ထို့နောက် မဟာတေဇာတောက်ပသော ရာဇာဣသီ ဘဂီရထသည် ဒိဗ္ဗရထားကို စီးနင်း၍ ရှေ့သို့ ထွက်ခွာသွား၏။ ဂင်္ဂါမြစ်သည်လည်း သူ၏နောက်မှ လိုက်ပါလာ၏။

Word by Word

• भगीरथः: Bhagīratha
• भगीरथः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगीरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (also)

• राज-ऋषिः: royal sage
• राज-ऋषिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (राजा चासौ ऋषिश्च)

• दिव्यम्: divine
• दिव्यम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; स्यन्दनम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• स्यन्दनम्: chariot
• स्यन्दनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्यन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आस्थितः: having mounted
• आस्थितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-स्था (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; भगीरथः इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (mounted/occupied)

• प्रायात्: went forth, proceeded
• प्रायात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-या (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अग्रे: in front
• अग्रे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण-देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाववत् अव्ययप्रयोग; स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (in front)

• महातेजाः: of great splendor
• महातेजाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक) + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (महत् तेजो यस्य सः) भगीरथस्य विशेषणम्

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• गङ्गा: Ganga
• गङ्गा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पृष्ठतः: from behind
• पृष्ठतः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण-देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; दिशावाचक क्रियाविशेषण (from behind)

• अन्वगात्: followed
• अन्वगात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Most brilliant rajarshi Bhagiratha also mounting the divine chariot moved forward and Ganga followed him.

Characters & Entities

• Bhagīratha
• Gaṅgā
• divine chariot (divya syandana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as righteous leadership: Bhagīratha goes first, taking responsibility for directing a divine force toward a welfare-giving purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

After Gaṅgā’s descent is made safe, Bhagīratha proceeds ahead on a divine chariot, guiding her course as she follows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfast purpose (dṛḍha-saṅkalpa): he continues to guide the mission to completion, not stopping at merely obtaining the boon.