Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 19

गङ्गावतरणम्

The Descent of the Gaṅgā and Bhagiratha’s Fulfilment

Devanagari script

तदद्भुततमं लोके गङ्गापतनमुत्तमम्।।।।दिदृक्षवो देवगणा: समीयुरमितौजस:।

Transliteration

tad adbhutatamaṃ loke gaṅgā-patanam uttamam | didṛkṣavo deva-gaṇāḥ samīyur amitaujasaḥ ||

Translation

လောက၌ အလွန်အံ့ဩဖွယ်ကောင်း၍ အမြင့်မြတ်ဆုံးသော ဂင်္ဂါမြစ်၏ ဆင်းသက်လာခြင်းကို မြင်လိုကြသဖြင့် တောက်ပသောတေဇအာနုဘော် မခန့်မှန်းနိုင်သည့် ဒေဝတားအစုအဝေးတို့ စုဝေးလာကြသည်။

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म/विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेष्य-निर्देशः

• अद्भुततमम्: most wonderful
• अद्भुततमम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तमप्-प्रत्ययान्तः (superlative); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; तत् इति विशेषणम्

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्

• गङ्गापतनम्: the descent of Gaṅgā
• गङ्गापतनम्: Karta (कर्ता/समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गङ्गा + पतन (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (षष्ठी): 'गङ्गायाः पतनम्' (descent of Gaṅgā); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; तत् इति समानाधिकरणम्

• उत्तमम्: excellent
• उत्तमम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; गङ्गापतनम्/तत् इति विशेषणम्

• दिदृक्षवः: desirous of seeing
• दिदृक्षवः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + सन् (इच्छार्थक) + उ (कृदन्त)
• Form: इच्छार्थक-धातोः (desiderative) कृदन्तः: 'दिदृक्षु' (wishing to see); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; देवगणाः इति विशेषणम्

• देवगणाः: hosts of gods
• देवगणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + गण (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः: 'देवानां गणाः'; पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्

• समीयुः: came together/arrived
• समीयुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+इ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• अमितौजसः: of immeasurable splendor
• अमितौजसः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमित + ओजस् (प्रातिपदिक-द्वय)
• Form: बहुव्रीहिः: 'अमितम् ओजः यस्य'; पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; देवगणाः इति विशेषणम्

Context

After one full year was completed, Iswara who is worshipped by all in all the worlds said to king Bhagiratha:

Characters & Entities

• Gaṅgā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is celebrated publicly: righteous, beneficial transformations are not hidden; they become exemplars that inspire all beings.

What is the narrative situation?

The gods converge, eager to witness the extraordinary event of Gaṅgā’s descent.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Appreciation of the sacred (āstikya) and the honoring of world-renewing acts.