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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 108, Shloka 12

जाबाल्युपदेशः

Jabali’s Pragmatic Counsel to Rama

गत स्स नृपतिस्तत्र गन्तव्यं यत्र तेन वै।प्रवृततिरेषा मर्त्यानां त्वं तु मिथ्या विहन्यसे।।।।

gataḥ sa nṛpatis tatra gantavyaṃ yatra tena vai |

pravṛttir eṣā martyānāṃ tvaṃ tu mithyā vihanyase || 2.108.12 ||

ထိုမင်းသည် သွားရမည့်နေရာသို့ သွားပြီးလေပြီ။ ဤသည်မှာ မရဏသတ္တဝါတို့၏ လမ်းစဉ်ပင် ဖြစ်သည်။ သို့ရာတွင် သင်သည် အလကားပင် ကိုယ်ကို ကိုယ်ပင် ပင်ပန်းစေ၏။

gataḥgone
gataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootgam (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
FormKta-participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ‘gone’
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; pronoun
nṛpatiḥthe king
nṛpatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormDeśa-avyaya (देश-अव्यय), adverb
gantavyamshould be gone (one must go)
gantavyam:
Vidhi (विधि)
TypeAdjective
Rootgam (धातु) + tavya (कृत्)
FormTavya-pratyaya (तव्य), Napumsaka, Prathamā/Vitīyā, Ekavacana; gerundive = ‘to be gone/should be gone’
yatrawherever
yatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatra (अव्यय)
FormRelative adverb (सम्बन्ध-अव्यय)
tenaby him/thereby
tena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga/Napumsaka, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Ekavacana; pronoun
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (निपात), emphasis particle
pravṛttiḥcourse/nature (destiny)
pravṛttiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpravṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
eṣāthis
eṣā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun
martyānāmof mortals
martyānām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmartya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/genitive), Bahuvacana (plural)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPrathamā, Ekavacana; 2nd person pronoun
tubut
tu:
Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (निपात), contrastive particle
mithyāin vain/fruitlessly
mithyā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmithyā (अव्यय)
FormKriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण), adverb
vihanyaseyou are being tormented
vihanyase:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-han (धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, present), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Ekavacana; passive/reflexive sense ‘you are afflicted/you suffer’

That king (Dasaratha) has gone to the place where he ought to go. Such is the nature of mortals. You are fruitlessly undergoing difficulties.

J
Jābāli
R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha (implied as the king)

FAQs

The counsel pushes toward expediency: since death is inevitable, one should not bind oneself to painful vows—contrasting with Rāma’s dharma that treats duty as meaningful despite mortality.

Jābāli argues that Daśaratha’s death is simply the natural fate of mortals and that Rāma’s continued exile is needless suffering.

Rāma’s endurance and principled commitment are implicitly contrasted with Jābāli’s pragmatic dismissal of vow-bound duty.