Shloka 14

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

Devanagari script

ज्योत्स्न तुषारमलिना पौर्णमास्यां न राजते।सीतेव चातपश्यामा लक्ष्यते न तु शोभते।।।।

Transliteration

jyotsnā tuṣāramalinā paurṇamāsyāṃ na rājate | sīteva cātapaśyāmā lakṣyate na tu śobhate ||

Translation

လပြည့်ညတွင်ပင် နှင်းခဲစွန်းထင်းသော လရောင်သည် မတောက်ပနိုင်; မြင်ရသော်လည်း မလှပမပြောင်—နေရောင်အပူ၏ကြမ်းတမ်းမှုကြောင့် မဲညိုသွားသကဲ့သို့ စီတာမယ်တော်ကဲ့သို့။

Word by Word

• ज्योत्स्ना: moonlight
• ज्योत्स्ना: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योत्स्ना (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; कर्ता

• तुषार-मलिना: made dull by frost
• तुषार-मलिना: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुषार (प्रातिपदिक) + मलिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (for ज्योत्स्ना)

• पौर्णमास्याम्: on the full-moon night
• पौर्णमास्याम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौर्णमासी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्; अधिकरणम् (time-locative)

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्ययम्

• राजते: shines; is splendid
• राजते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: राज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

• सीता: Sītā
• सीता: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; उपमानम्

• इव: like
• इव: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक-अव्ययम्

• च: and/also
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• आतप-श्यामा: darkened by heat
• आतप-श्यामा: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आतप (प्रातिपदिक) + श्याम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (for ज्योत्स्ना, implied)

• लक्ष्यते: is seen/appears
• लक्ष्यते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive), आत्मनेपदम्

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्ययम्

• तु: but
• तु: Avadhāraṇa/Virodha (अवधारण/विरोध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/विशेषार्थक-अव्ययम् (adversative particle)

• शोभते: shines; looks beautiful
• शोभते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुभ् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकारः, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

Context

The west wind which by nature feels cold at this time blows doubly cold, hit by snow.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• full moon (Paurṇamāsī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It suggests compassion within duty: dharma is not mere rule-following; it includes sensitivity to another’s suffering—beauty can be veiled by hardship, yet worth is unchanged.

What is the narrative situation?

A poetic winter description that turns into a tender comparison with Sītā’s condition under hardship.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and affectionate regard—Rāma’s attentive concern for Sītā amid austerity.