Shloka 2

The Aśūnyaśayanā Vow (Unempty Bed) and the Aṅgāraka Caturthī Observance

Devanagari script

शंकर उवाच । श्रावणस्य द्वितीयायां कृष्णायां मधुसूदनः । क्षीरार्णवे सपत्नीकः सदा वसति केशवः

Transliteration

śaṃkara uvāca | śrāvaṇasya dvitīyāyāṃ kṛṣṇāyāṃ madhusūdanaḥ | kṣīrārṇave sapatnīkaḥ sadā vasati keśavaḥ

Translation

ရှင်ကရ မိန့်တော်မူသည်– ရှရဝဏ လ၏ ကృష్ణပက္ခ ဒုတိယတိထီနေ့တွင် မဓုသူဒန—ကေရှဝ—သည် မဟာနို့ပင်လယ် (ခ္ရှီရာဏဝ) တွင် မဟေသီနှင့်အတူ အစဉ်တည်ရှိတော်မူ၏။

Word by Word

• शंकरः: Śaṅkara (Śiva)
• शंकरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शंकर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• श्रावणस्य: of (the month) Śrāvaṇa
• श्रावणस्य: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• द्वितीयायाम्: on the second (tithi/day)
• द्वितीयायाम्: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वितीया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• कृष्णायाम्: in the dark fortnight
• कृष्णायाम्: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्णा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; पक्षवाचक (in the dark fortnight)

• मधुसूदनः: Madhusūdana (Viṣṇu)
• मधुसूदनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु + सूदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मधोः सूदनः)

• क्षीरार्णवे: in the Ocean of Milk
• क्षीरार्णवे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षीर + अर्णव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (क्षीरमयः अर्णवः)

• सपत्नीकाḥ: together with (his) consort
• सपत्नीकाḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + पत्नी + क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—बहुव्रीहिः (सपत्नीका: = पत्नी सहितः)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (adverb: always)

• वसति: dwells
• वसति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present/वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• केशवः: Keśava (Viṣṇu)
• केशवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; मधुसूदनस्य पर्यायः

Speaker

Śaṅkara (Śiva)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: No major external sandhi beyond punctuation. 'सपत्नीकाḥ' in IAST appears plural; context requires singular 'सपत्नीकाḥ/सपत्नीको'—attested form 'सपत्नीकाḥ' used as nominative singular masculine in some manuscripts; analyzed as nominative singular qualifier.

Characters & Entities

• Śaṅkara (Śiva)
• Madhusūdana (Viṣṇu)
• Keśava (Viṣṇu)
• Kṣīrārṇava (Ocean of Milk)

FAQs

What does this verse teach about sacred time (tithi) in the Padma Purana?

It links a specific lunar date—Śrāvaṇa month, dark fortnight, second tithi—with a divine presence of Viṣṇu, showing how Purāṇic practice sacralizes the calendar for remembrance and worship.

Why is Viṣṇu described as dwelling in the Ocean of Milk (Kṣīrārṇava)?

The Ocean of Milk is a standard Purāṇic cosmic locus associated with Viṣṇu’s yogic repose and divine sovereignty; the verse reaffirms that cosmic setting as his enduring abode.

What ethical or devotional lesson is implied here?

The verse encourages steady devotion by tying worship to a recurring sacred time and by portraying the deity as ever-present—inviting regular remembrance, vows, and disciplined observance.