Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 50, Shloka 64

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

पूज्यन्ते हव्यकव्याभ्यां देवताः पितरस्तथा ।

यामयोऽतिथयश्चापि तद्गेहं यक्ष वर्जय ॥

Transliteration

pūjyante havyakavyābhyāṃ devatāḥ pitaras tathā | yāmayo 'tithayaś cāpi tad gehaṃ yakṣa varjaya ||

Translation

အို ယက္ခာ၊ ဟဗျ (havya) နှင့် ကဗျ (kavya) ပူဇော်ပွဲများဖြင့် နတ်တို့နှင့် ဘိုးဘွားပိတೃတို့ကို စည်းကမ်းတကျ ဂုဏ်ပြုကာ၊ လာရောက်သူဧည့်သည်ကို သင့်တော်စွာ လက်ခံ၍ ဒုက္ခရောက်သူများကိုပါ စောင့်ရှောက်သော အိမ်ကို ရှောင်ကြဉ်လော့။

Word by Word

• pūjyante: are worshipped
• pūjyante: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pūj (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथम/3rd person), Plural (बहुवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), Passive sense (कर्मणि प्रयोग)

• havyakavyābhyām: with offerings to gods and ancestors (havya & kavya)
• havyakavyābhyām: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: havya (प्रातिपदिक) + kavya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Dual (द्विवचन); dvandva 'havya and kavya'

• devatāḥ: deities
• devatāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devatā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• pitaraḥ: ancestors, fathers
• pitaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tathā: and also
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction/adverb

• yāmayaḥ: guests/wayfarers (yāmaya)
• yāmayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yāmaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• atithayaḥ: guests
• atithayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: atithi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)

• api: also, even
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• geham: house
• geham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: geha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)

• yakṣa: O Yakṣa
• yakṣa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• varjaya: avoid
• varjaya: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vṛj (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (मध्यम/2nd person), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

Speakers

• Unspecified in input; direct address to Yakṣa

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Devatāḥ (general)
• Pitaraḥ (ancestors)

Key Themes

• Pañca-mahāyajña ethos
• Pitṛ-pūjā
• Hospitality (atithi-satkāra)
• Household protection through rites

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A home that maintains deva- and pitṛ-obligations and practices hospitality is considered ritually sealed and ethically luminous; such a place should not be disturbed. Dharma is expressed as both rite (offerings) and compassion (care for guests/afflicted).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Applied dharma instruction; not a core pancalakṣaṇa category, though it supports the Purāṇic aim of teaching right living.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Havya-kavya’ represent upward and downward currents of obligation (to devas and ancestors). When both are balanced, the household becomes harmonized across visible and invisible relations, limiting disruptive ingress.