Shloka 2

Adhyaya 41 — Yogic Conduct and the Discipline Leading to Siddhi

Sanskrit

दत्तात्रेय उवाच— मानापमानौ यावेतौ प्रत्युद्वेगकरौ नृणाम् । तावेव विपरीतार्थौ योगिनः सिद्धिकारकौ ॥

Transliteration

dattātreya uvāca— mānāpamānau yāvetau pratyudvegakarau nṛṇām | tāveva viparītārthau yoginaḥ siddhikārakau ||

Translation

ဒတ္တာတြေယက ပြောသည်— «လူတို့ကို စိတ်လှုပ်ရှားစေသော ဂုဏ်တင်ခြင်းနှင့် အရှက်ခွဲခြင်း ဟူသော နှစ်ပါးသည် ယောဂီအတွက်တော့ အပြန်အလှန်သဘောဖြင့် အောင်မြင်မှု (သိဒ္ဓိ) ၏ အကြောင်းရင်းများ ဖြစ်လာသည်»။

Word by Word

• dattātreyaḥ: Dattātreya
• dattātreyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: datta (प्रातिपदिक) + ātreya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारय-समासः (Datta who is Ātreya) proper name

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथम-पुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• māna-apamānau: honor and dishonor
• māna-apamānau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māna (प्रातिपदिक) + apamāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); द्वन्द्व-समासः

• yāv: which (two)
• yāv: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; relative pronoun used adjectivally

• etau: these (two)
• etau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; demonstrative pronoun used adjectivally

• pratyudvega-karau: causing agitation
• pratyudvega-karau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prati-udvega (प्रातिपदिक) + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; तत्पुरुषः (udvegaṃ karoti) with prati- intensifier; ‘causing agitation’

• nṛṇām: of men
• nṛṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/affected persons)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tau: those two
• tau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; pronoun

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; emphatic particle (अवधारण)

• viparīta-arthau: having opposite effect
• viparīta-arthau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viparīta (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; कर्मधारयः ‘having opposite meaning/effect’

• yoginaḥ: of the yogin
• yoginaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/for the yogin)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yogin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• siddhi-kārakau: bringing accomplishment
• siddhi-kārakau: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: siddhi (प्रातिपदिक) + kāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual; तत्पुरुषः ‘producing siddhi’

Speakers

• Dattātreya instructing Alarka

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "niti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Equanimity
• Non-reactivity
• Inner transformation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Worldly triggers (praise/blame) that destabilize ordinary people are repurposed by the yogin into training for steadiness and detachment, thereby aiding progress.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Didactic dharma/yoga teaching; not a pañcalakṣaṇa unit. It supports Purāṇic ethical instruction (ācāra) within a dialogue frame.

What is the esoteric significance?

The “reversal” (viparīta) indicates alchemy of consciousness: reactive emotion is transmuted into vairāgya and samatā, strengthening meditative absorption.