Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 38, Shloka 14

Adhyaya 38 — Dattatreya on Non-Identification (Mamata) and the Path to Liberation

Sanskrit

भूतेन्द्रियमयं स्थूलं न त्वं राजन्न चाप्यहम् ।

न तन्मात्रमयावावां नैवान्तःकरणात्मकौ ॥

Transliteration

bhūtendriyamayaṃ sthūlaṃ na tvaṃ rājanna cāpyaham |

na tanmātramayāvāvāṃ naivāntaḥ karaṇātmakau ||

Translation

အို မင်းကြီး၊ သင်သည် ဓာတ်များနှင့် အာရုံအင်္ဂါများဖြင့် ဖွဲ့စည်းသော ထူထဲသည့် ကိုယ်ခန္ဓာ မဟုတ်—ငါလည်း မဟုတ်။ ထို့ပြင် ကျွန်ုပ်တို့သည် သေးငယ်သော ဓာတ်များ(တန်မာတ်ရ) မဟုတ်သကဲ့သို့ အတွင်းကိရိယာ(စိတ် စသည်)၏ သဘာဝလည်း မဟုတ်ကြ။

Word by Word

• भूतेन्द्रियमयम्: made of elements and senses
• भूतेन्द्रियमयम्: विशेष्य-निर्देश (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भूत + इन्द्रिय + मय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—भूतैः इन्द्रियैः च मयम् (tatpuruṣa; ‘consisting of elements and senses’)

• स्थूलम्: gross
• स्थूलम्: विशेष्य-निर्देश (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; पूर्वपदस्य विशेषणम्

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• न: nor/not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordination)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)

• अपि: also, even
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/समुच्चयार्थक (particle: also/even)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात

• तन्मात्रमयौ: made of the subtle elements (tanmātras)
• तन्मात्रमयौ: विशेष्य-निर्देश (Predicate adjective of वाम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तन्मात्र + मय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; समासः—तन्मात्रैः मयौ (tatpuruṣa; ‘consisting of tanmātras’)

• आवाम्: we two
• आवाम्: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; ‘we two’

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध-निपात

• एव: indeed
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण-निपात (emphatic particle: indeed/just)

• अन्तःकरणात्मकौ: of the nature of the inner instrument (mind)
• अन्तःकरणात्मकौ: विशेष्य-निर्देश (Predicate adjective of आवाम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्तःकरण + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; समासः—अन्तःकरणस्य आत्मकौ (genitive-tatpuruṣa)

Speakers

• Teacher (a Brahman/ṛṣi) addressing King Alarka

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Neti-neti (negation)
• Self vs body-mind
• Sāṅkhya categories
• Ātma-viveka

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Freedom begins by withdrawing false identity from the body, senses, subtle constituents, and even the mind-intellect complex; the Self is the witness beyond these.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Upadeśa on tattva-vicāra (analysis of principles), not sarga/manvantara/genealogy.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse maps the seeker’s ‘dis-identification ladder’: gross → subtle → psychological. It prepares the recognition of puruṣa/kṣetrajña as distinct from prakṛti’s evolutes.