Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 35, Shloka 23

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

आसनं शयनं यानं नावः पथि तृणानि च ।

सोमसूर्यांशुपवनैः शुध्यन्ते तानि पण्यवत् ॥

Transliteration

āsanaṃ śayanaṃ yānaṃ nāvaḥ pathi tṛṇāni ca | soma-sūryāṃśu-pavanaiḥ śudhyante tāni paṇya-vat ||

Translation

ထိုင်ခုံများ၊ အိပ်ရာများ၊ ယာဉ်များ၊ လှေများနှင့် လမ်းပေါ်ရှိ မြက်ပင်များပင်လျှင် လမင်းအလင်း၊ နေရောင်ခြည်နှင့် လေတို့ကြောင့်—အသုံးပြုရန် ထုတ်ပြထားသော ကုန်ပစ္စည်းကဲ့သို့—သန့်စင်လာကြသည်။

Word by Word

• आसनम्: seat
• आसनम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• शयनम्: bed/lying place
• शयनम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• यानम्: vehicle
• यानम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नावः: boats
• नावः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nau (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• पथि: on the road
• पथि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pathin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• तृणानि: grass (blades)
• तृणानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tṛṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सोम-सूर्य-अंशु-पवनैः: by the moon, the sun, (sun-)rays, and wind
• सोम-सूर्य-अंशु-पवनैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: soma (प्रातिपदिक) + sūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + aṃśu (प्रातिपदिक) + pavana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व (by moon, sun, rays, and wind)

• शुध्यन्ते: become purified
• शुध्यन्ते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śudh (शुध्)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• तानि: those (things)
• तानि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• पण्यवत्: like merchandise (for sale)
• पण्यवत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/analogy)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: paṇya + vat (तद्धित)
• Form: वत्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (comparative adverb)

Speakers

• Dharma-instructional narration within the Purāṇic discourse (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Soma
• Sūrya

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śauca (purity)
• Natural purification
• Public objects

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Public-use objects cannot be treated as perpetually impure; the text legitimizes ordinary circulation by assigning natural purification through exposure to air and light.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma guidance; supportive material rather than cosmological/genealogical narration.

What is the esoteric significance?

Moon and sun signify cooling and illuminating awareness; wind signifies movement of prāṇa—together implying that clarity, vitality, and exposure cleanse accumulated ‘staleness’ in life and mind.