Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 23, Shloka 93

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

ततश्चाकृष्य पातालं ताभ्यां नीतो नृपात्मजः ।

पाताले ददृशे चोभौ स पन्नगकुमारकौ ॥

Transliteration

tataś cākṛṣya pātālaṃ tābhyāṃ nīto nṛpātmajaḥ | pātāle dadṛśe cobhau sa pannagakumārakau ||

Translation

ထို့နောက် မင်းသားကို ပါတာလမြေအောက်ကမ္ဘာသို့ ဆွဲခေါ်သွားကြပြီး၊ ထိုပါတာလ၌ မင်းသားသည် ထိုသူနှစ်ဦးအား နဂါးမင်းသားငယ်များအဖြစ် မြင်တွေ့လေသည်။

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kāla/Sequence (काल/अनुक्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• आकृष्य: having dragged
• आकृष्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + कृष् (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having dragged/pulled’

• पातालम्: to the netherworld
• पातालम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• ताभ्याम्: by those two
• ताभ्याम्: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dual, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया)

• नीतः: was led
• नीतः: Karma (कर्म) as grammatical subject in passive
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; passive sense

• नृपात्मजः: the king’s son
• नृपात्मजः: Karta (कर्ता) (passive subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृप + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘नृपस्य आत्मजः’

• पाताले: in the netherworld
• पाताले: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• ददृशे: saw
• ददृशे: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Ātmanepada

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• उभौ: both
• उभौ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• पन्नगकुमारकौ: the two young serpent-princes
• पन्नगकुमारकौ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पन्नग + कुमारक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual; षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-भाव: ‘पन्नगानां कुमारकौ’ (two young serpent-princes)

Speakers

• Narrator voice (frame-speaker not identifiable from verses alone)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Otherworld descent
• Nāga society
• Marvel and discovery

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Guidance by non-human beings suggests that access to hidden knowledge/realms often requires trustworthy intermediaries; it also underscores hospitality and alliance across worlds.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna (narrative). If embedded in a royal lineage story, it can support vaṃśānucarita indirectly, but the verse itself is episodic.

What is the esoteric significance?

Being ‘drawn down’ can represent inward descent into subconscious layers; Nāga youths function as guardians of subterranean (hidden) wisdom and vitality.